The Heavens in November. 
By Professor Samuel G. Barton of the University of Pennsylvania. 
T HE faint summer constellations 
are now disappearing over the 
western horizon. 'The brilliant 
winter constellations, led by I aurus 
and the Pleiades, are appearing in the 
east. The big dipper in Ursa Major is in 
its most unfavorable position low in the 
north. The Milky Way lies nearly east 
pression that the stars visible on a dark 
night are too numerous to count. In 
reality we cannot see more than two 
thousand at any one time. In some 
places the stars are very scarce. This 
is true in the large area included in the 
great square. In Figure 2 I have drawn 
the square including all stars to the 
MOI2TM 
Figure 1. The constellations at 9 P. M., November 1. (Hold the map so that the direction faced is 
at the bottom; that is, if facing east hold east at the bottom as south now is.) 
and west. Fomalhaut, the southernmost 
figure first magnitude star visible here, 
may be seen in the south at A, Figure 
i. Near the center of the map lies the 
well-known “great square of Pegasus." 
One of the stars which form this nearly 
perfect square belongs to the constella- 
tion Andromeda. It is a common im- 
sixth magnitude; that is, all of the 
stars usually considered as visible to 
the naked eye. There are just nine such 
stars in the square. The figures beside 
the stars represent their magnitudes 
and the individual names of the 
brighter stars are also given. The star 
at the upper right-hand corner is some- 
