ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
463 
cell-mass, the cells break up into fine debris and the slightly coloured 
and probably less soluble met- haemoglobin is converted by reducing 
substances into the more strongly coloured and more soluble oxy- 
haemoglobin, and the pigment reappears in the fluid. 
y. General. 
Inheritance of Mutilations.* — Herr K. Knauthe has collected nine 
cases in which dogs whose tails or ears, or both, had been cut in their 
youth, bore young curtailed as in the mother. The details are given. 
Fauna of Jamaica. j — Mr. E. A. Andrews gives a general sketch of 
the fauna of Jamaica. Amphioxus in young stages was taken, but no 
adults could be found. Goose-barnacles grow to a length of one 
inch, in two weeks. Peripatus seems to be excessively rare, and was 
not found by the author or his party. No leeches were found. An 
interesting addition is a peculiarly marked new species of Balanoglossus , 
with alternating half-rings of red across the body, and of large size. 
No pelagic Polychsetes were found. Many species of Chiton are 
abundant, and the pulmonates are of large size. Tunicates are exces- 
sively numerous, except Salpse which were neither seen nor heard of. 
Several large Ctenophores abound in Kingston Harbour, especially in 
June and July. 
Homology.^ — Taking as his text numerical variation in teeth, Mr. 
W. Bateson discusses the conception of Homology. He points out 
that the received view supposes that a varying form is derived from 
the normal, much as a man might make a wax model of the variety 
from a wax model of the type, by small additions to and subtractions 
from the several parts. But the natural process differs in one great 
essential from this; in Nature the body of the varying form has never 
been the body of its parent, and is not formed by a plastic opera- 
tion from it. In each case the body of the offspring is made again 
from the beginning, just as if the wax model had gone back into the 
melting-pot before the new model was begun. 
Case of Mimetism between an animal and an alga.§ — Signor A. 
Piccone has met with several instances in which a specimen described 
as a Valonia (utricularis or segagropila ) is in reality a mass composed 
of the egg-capsules of a marine mollusc, probably a species of Buccinum , 
simulating not only the form of the frond of the alga with its ramifica- 
tions, but even its prolification. A careful examination reveals, however, 
the presence, in every capsule, of a minute orifice, through which the 
young escape. A microchemical examination, also, of the membrane 
leaves no doubt as to its animal character. 
B. INVERTEBRATA. 
Physiology of Invertebrata.|| — Dr. A. B. Griffiths, whose contribu- 
tions to the physiology of the Invertebrata we have from time to time 
* Zool. Anzeig., xv. (1892) p. 5. 
t John Hopkins Univ. Circ., x (1892) pp. 72-7. 
X Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. (1892) pp. 102-15. 
§ Malpighia, v. (1892) pp. 429-30. 
|| ‘The Physiology of the Invertebrata,’ by A. B. Griffiths, London, 1892, Svo, 
ix. and 477 pp., 80 figs, in text. 
