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SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
Valle) or the first and second abdominals (Claus) are fused. There is 
no rostrum ; the anterior antennge are short and seven-jointed ; the attach- 
ing antennae are three-jointed, and have large movable hooks ; the man- 
dibles have no palps ; the maxillae are very rudimentary ; the anterior 
maxillipedes are two-jointed, without exopodite ; the posterior maxilli- 
pedes are markedly different in the two sexes ; the swimming appendages 
from the first to the fourth pair are very uniform ; the fifth pair are 
rudimentary ; the rudimentary sixth pair are present only in the 
male. 
Males of Caligidae.* — In this communication Prof. P. J. van Beneden 
describes the males of Pandarus Cranchi and of Dinemoura elongata, 
the male and female of P. ajfinis sp. n., and a new genus which he 
calls Chlamys [ incisus ]. This last is a Pandarine allied to Gangliopus , 
Pliyllophora, and Antbosoma, and is very near to Lepidopus of Dana, 
whose generic name has long been used for a fish. 
New Species of British Lernaeopoda.t— Mr. W. F. de V. Kane, in 
describing Lernseopoda bidiscalis , remarks that no observations appear to 
have as yet been made as to the mode of impregnation among the Lernseo- 
podidse. He has discovered spermatophores attached to the genital 
orifices of a female ; they have the form of transparent ovoid sacs, with 
peduncles crossing each other between the genital styles. These styles 
appear to be true thoracic appendages, and those of the male seem to be 
used in the application of the spermatophore, for which the peculiar 
shape of the distal extremity is adapted. The new species has been 
found at Polperro on Mustelus canicula and on the west coast of Ireland 
on Galeus vulgaris. 
Vermes. 
a. Annelida. 
Auditory Organ of Arenicola.J — Prof. E. Ehlers describes the “ear- 
sacs” of Arenicola marina, A. Claparedii, A. Grubii, and A. antillensis. 
They differ remarkably in the several species. As there is no direct 
evidence that the worms hear by these sacs, it is important to compare 
their structure with that of perhaps analogous organs in other animals. 
In the above-named species, except A. Claparedii , the sacs are vesicles 
formed from the skin and containing otoliths, but in the lining epithelium 
there is no differentiation into little hairs or rods such as one would 
expect in a truly auditory organ. It may be that the structures are 
“ statocysts ” or organs of equilibration, like similar sacs in other 
animals. In A. Claparedii the simplest form occurs, for there is 
merely an open groove without either otoliths or neuro-epithelium ; in 
A. marina the sac communicates with the exterior by means of a 
narrow canal, and the contained particles are foreign bodies ; in 
A. Grubii and A. antillensis the sacs are closed otocysts, and the otoliths 
are intrinsic formations. They differ also in their relations to the 
musculature, &c. 
Prof. Ehlers discusses the structure of the head in the four species 
named, especially as regards the head-lobe and the ciliated groove on 
* Bull. Ac. Roy. Belg., lxii. (1892) pp. 220-35 (2 pis.), 
t Broc. R. Irish Acad., ii. (1892) pp. 203-11 (2 pis.), 
j Zeitsehr. f. Wiss. Zool., liii. Suppl. (1892) pp. 217-85 (4 pis.). 
