ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 52 > 
bitter cherry in Germany, and describes some fresh points of interest. 
He finds that it is when the spermogones and peritheces of the fungus 
appear on the base of the lamina of the leaf near the leaf-stalk, that the 
disease is most infectious. It then causes “ mummification ” of the leaf- 
stalk, and the leaves remain attached to the tree. When the disease 
attacks only the apical portion of the leaves, they fall off, and do not 
spread the infection. 
Myxotrichum.* — M. J. Costantin reduces this genus of Fungi to 
the two species 31. chartarum and seruginosum. In the former species 
the spores are distinctly formed in an ascus the membrane of which 
very soon disappears into gelatin. It is very nearly allied to Gymno - 
ascus uncinatus, but differs in its habit, growing on paper instead of 
being fimicolous, and in some points of structure. The other alleged 
species of Myxotrichum , M. varum, murorum , fuscum , and resinse , have 
nothing in common with these two, and are probably conidial forms of 
Ascomycetes. 
New polymorphic Hypocreacese.f — Sig. A. N. Berlese describes two 
new species of Hypocreaceae, with the following characters : — 
Melanospora globosa. This occurs in four distinct forms — micro- 
conidial, megaconidial or chlamydosporous, spiro-bulbilliferous, and 
perithecial or ascophorous. The conidial form is destined for the diffu- 
sion of the species. The spore-bulbils cannot be regarded as the result 
of the degradation of ascophorous peritheces, bat are an apogamous 
apparatus for the preservation of the species. There does not exist in 
this species a true pollinode ; nor can any distinct sexual function be 
attributed to the primary cortical hyphas. We have an example of the 
apandry which occurs in other Ascomycetes. The microconidial form 
is identical with an Acrostalagmus allied to A. atrum, while the chlamydo- 
sporous form is known as Acremonium atrum. 
Syhseroderma. bulbilliferum. This occurs also in the same four forms. 
The microconidial form represents a species of the alleged genus 
Oospora , the chlamydosporous form one of 3Iycogone , the sporo-bulbil- 
liferous form one of Papulospora. 
Ripe-rot of Grapes and Apples4 — According to Mr. E. A. South- 
worth, the so-called bitter-rot of the apple is produced by the same 
parasitic fungus as the ripe-rot of the grape, Glceosporium fructigenum 
(Ascochyta or Septoria rufo-maculans ) ; but in the latter case it does not 
produce the bitter taste which it does in the former. It can apparently 
pass, by infection, from one fruit to the other. Its attacks cause the 
grapes to become transparent, and to wither up ; on the apple it produces 
brown depressed spots, which spread rapidly over the whole surface. 
The microscopical structure of the fungus is extraordinarily variable. 
The spores are either two- or three-celled, and often produce secondary 
spores. The pycnids and conceptacles were not satisfactorily observed. 
Perithece of Aspergillus fumigatus.§ — Dr. J. Behrens finds the 
hitherto unknown peritheces on cultures of this fungus obtained from 
* Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxxviii. (1891) pp. 314-8. 
f Malpighia, v. (1892) pp. 386-418 (2 pis.). 
i Journ. of Mycol., vi. (1891) pp. 164-73 (1 pi.). See Bot. Centralbl., 1. (1892) 
p. 56. § Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xi. (1892) pp. 335-7, 
