ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
629 
The corpuscles seemed contained in a sort of membrane. The shape of 
the corpuscles was very various, round, eg»-shaped, kidney-shaped, 
longish oval, &c. Characteristic crescentiform germs, pairs in conju- 
gation, such as according to Butschli occur only in Sarcosporidia, but 
not in Coccidia, were observed. According to Blanchard’s classification 
the parasite has been named Sarcocystis hominis. 
It was not at all clear in this case what sort of serous cyst it was 
which sheltered the parasite on its inner wall. 
Parasitism in Carcinoma.* — Prof. W. Podwyssozki and Dr. J. Saw- 
tschenko consider that the constant presence of parasites in carcinoma is 
to be regarded rather as a commensalism or symbiosis of Sporozoa and 
epithelial cells than as the cause of the epithelial proliferation. They 
seem to prefer to let the definite solution of the problem remain in 
abeyance and go no farther than certifying the existence of parasites 
within and between the cells of cancerous growths and deposits. But 
about the existence of parasitic Sporozoa they have no doubt. The 
method adopted in demonstrating the Sporozoa was to harden the 
specimens in Flemming’s fluid, and then to stain with anilin-water- 
safranin, after which the preparations were treated with alcohol to which 
a few drops of picric acid were added. The longer the pieces of tumour 
were left in the Flemming’s fluid, the more distinct the parasites were 
rendered, their plasma assuming a dark brownish hue while that of leu- 
cocytes and of the tissues was unaffected. Bed corpuscles take on a 
similar, but not so deep a tone. By double staining with gentian and 
safranin anilin water the chromatin of the sporozoa is coloured red, 
while that of epithelial cells is blue. 
In this way they were able to demonstrate, in more than 20 cases of 
cancer (testicle skin, lip, breast, stomach), the existence of intracellular 
sporozoa ; the parasite was found in greatest numbers in soft medullary 
cancer and much less frequently in epithelioma of lip and eyelid. The 
appearances presented by the different preparations were divisible into 
two varieties, those in which separate parasites were observed, and those 
in which conglomerates or collections of individuals were found. 
The former seem to vary much in size and indeed in number, fre- 
quently more than one being visible within the cell plasma, wherein they 
appear as spheroidal or ovoidal bodies. The general mass of the parasite 
appears yellow, but contains red staining chromatin. 
The conglomerates are more frequently seen in the intra-cellular 
spaces than within cells. 
Many of the epithelioid cells which contain parasites exhibit well 
marked mitosis of the nucleus, but this appearance is not constant, and 
the karyokinetic figures may be present and the parasites absent, and, 
vice versa , , the parasite be present without mitosis of the nucleus, so 
that no immediate connection appears to exist between mitosis and 
parasitism. 
The author’s paper is excellently illustrated by means of numerous 
coloured figures depicting the parasites under numerous conditions 
and showing their variable appearances. 
* Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xi. (1892) pp. 493-500, 532-8, 559-65 
(2 coloured pis.). 
