ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 685 
photomicrography, a complete special pliotomicrographical apparatus 
that is small and portable, and another of great size furnished with a 
Schuckert electric lantern and the most elaborate appurtenances of various 
kinds. But the most interesting feature of their exhibit was a demonstra- 
tion of the construction of a large stand and of an apochromatic objective 
and a compensating ocular. All the pieces entering into the construction 
of a No. 1 stand were displayed spread out in a case, like a picture against 
the wall, each piece being given in duplicate, once in the rough casting 
or section of tube or wire, and again in the finished form ready for as- 
sembling into the completed instrument. In another case were superb 
blocks of the new optical glasses of Drs. Abbe and Schott of Jena, and 
of the fluorite of the Oltscheren Alp. The different stag s in the con- 
struction of an 8 mm. apochromatic objective and of a compensating 
ocular were also displayed in proper series, all the lenses entering into 
the combination being shown both in the rough and the finished state. 
Probably every visitor would have voted with the jury in awarding the 
one special prize, the diploma of pre-eminence, to the Jena Company. 
Next to this, three grand prizes were given, which went to London, 
Paris, and Germany, respectively. The English one was bid for by a 
solitary stand, with two or three objectives and condensers at its feet, 
that looked so lonesome, not to say insignificant, that to claim a leading 
prize for it seemed almost presumptuous. Its appearance, amidst the 
neighbouring cases crowded with showy apparatus, suggested at once the 
quiet home from which it came in Euston Road, in contrast with the 
showy shops where such goods are commonly displayed. But the stand 
made a strong competition for its not too modest claim, to be the most 
perfect that is made, the apochromatic objectives were judged to merit 
their high reputation, and the apochromatic condensers were found to 
give a singularly perfect illumination, and a grand pdx was awarded 
to Powell & Lealand. 
Prizes of like grale were well earned by, and awarded to, A. Nachet 
of Paris, and to E. Hartnack, originally also of Paris, but since the 
Franco-German war, now of Potsdam, Germany, both of whom exhibited 
a large variety of apparatus of the very highest grade, including excel- 
lent apochromatic objectives and sumptuous photomicrographic appa- 
ratus. 
Of the many creditable exhibits of a somewhat more modest grade, at 
least in respect of prices, by far the largest was that of Wm. Watson & 
Sons, of London. In fact, it was one of the most interesting and com- 
mendable features of the exposition. It stood alone, except for the 
single P. & L. stand, as the sole representative of the English ideas and 
styles, while everything around it was Continental, wholly Continental. 
These makers, also, in developing some of their most practical stands, 
have made such large and good use of American ideas and experience 
that we are half inclined to claim a special interest in the result. We 
have been much interested in their efforts during recent years to develope 
and improve the simple and less expensive forms of Microscopes, es- 
pecially in rendering the English and American type convenient and 
available for laboratory use, and in building up in London well-organized 
shops (after the method characteristic of American practice) where work 
of a uniformly good quality can be done by machinery at a moderate 
cost. Perhaps the most uni vci sally available of their more ambitious 
