ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
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of species of Glaucothre which are very poorly represented in museums, 
and it is now demonstrable that they are young stages in the lives of 
other genera of Pagurids. 
In these deep-sea forms, as in many others, there is no apparent 
relation between their organic characters and their more or less abyssal 
habitat. Eyes are generally well developed, and sometimes are remarkable 
for the great extent of their corneal surface ; in Catapaguroides microps , 
as the specific name denotes, the eyes are small, but the creature is not 
blind. Parapagurus pilosimanus is remarkable for its almost absolute 
indifference to the variations of the external medium and the great range 
of its depth. The authors are of opinion that the Pagurid fauna of deep 
waters is chiefly constituted by species which are more or less near the 
Macrura ; these species gradually disappear as we approach the shores, 
where their place is taken by other species which are less close to the 
primitive forms. 
The generic characters are given for the new genera Nematopagurus 
(N. longicornis) and Catapaguroides (C. microps , C. megalops , and C. 
acutifrons. 
Occurrence of Cumacea in New Zealand.* * * § — Mr. G. M. Thomson, 
by the discovery of Cyclaspis levis and Diastylis neo-zealanica , puts on 
record for the first time the occurrence of Cumacea in New Zealand 
waters. Only three have as yet been recorded from the Australian Seas. 
Deep-water Crustacea of Green Lake.| — In an account of the fauna 
of this large American lake Mr. C. Dwight Marsh calls attention to the 
presence of Pontopereia Hoyi and Mysis relicta. The existance of these 
deep-water forms in Scandinavian lakes is explained by supposing that 
the bodies of water in which they are found were formerly connected 
with the sea, but this does not seem to be the case with the American 
lake, and the problem therefore remains for the present insoluble. 
Amphipoda and Isopoda of West Coast of Scotland.f — Mr. D. 
Kobertson has a second contribution towards a catalogue of these 
Crustaceans. To his former list of 175 species he is now able to add 
60, many of which are new to Scotland, and some only recently described. 
Nearly all have been taken in the Firth of Clyde. Socarnes erythroph- 
thalmus is a new species, and the new genus Pararistias is made for 
Lysianassa Audouiniana. 
Breeding of Small Crustaceans.§ — Dr. W. Kochs, recognizing the 
importance of small Crustaceans as a food-supply for fishes, e. g. carp, 
has made experiments on their artificial multiplication. Water in which 
they thrive best is too impure for most fishes; what is good for the 
Crustaceans is generally bad for the fish. But by a graduated series 
he has shown how cow-dung may be advantageously transformed into 
fish-flesh (“ Umwandlungsprocess von Kuhdiinger in Fischfleisch ”). On 
the banks of the pond the breeding-places of the Crustaceans should be 
disposed with perforated boxes or flower-pots of cow-dung, and by various 
* Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., xxiv. (1892) pp. 263-71 (3 pis.), 
f Trans. Wisconsin Acad., viii. (1892) pp. 211-13. j 
j Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasgow, iii. (1892) pp. 199-223. 
§ Biol. Centralbl., xii. (1892) pp. 599-606. 
