274 
J. STEPHENSON. 
the chromophil cells; nor any peritoneal membrane outside 
the cell mass. 
The appearances in Helodrilus are therefore con- 
firmatory, in general, of the results obtained from a study of 
Pheretima; but in addition, the facts relating to the small 
masses of chromophil cells on the septa, on the blood-vessels, 
and on the alimentary canal allow us, more decidedly than in 
Pheretima, to derive them from the peritoneum, — to consider 
them as modifications of the peritoneal layer, with which 
they are continuous, or the place of which they take. The 
occurrence of a few cells or cell aggregates in close relation 
to the alimentary canal is interesting in connection with 
former views on the nature of the cells. But here also they 
are to be regarded as modified peritoneal cells, which in 
places come in contact with the base of the epithelial layer 
through a hiatus in the muscular coat, or perhaps here and 
there make their way inwards between the muscle fibres. 
The Appearances in Young Specimens. 
1 turn now to the results obtained from the examination 
of young worms, of various ages, of both genera. In the 
case of the Pheretimas it is impossible to be certain of the 
species to which young examples belong, since the discrimina- 
tion of the three species which are found in Lahore is made 
by means of the genital system (including especially the 
external sexual marks). 'The young Lumbricids examined 
belonged to the smaller species, Helodrilus parvus. 
Non -sexual Pheretima. — In a Pheretima which is 
approaching its full size but is still without sexual marks, 
the condition is not markedly different from that previously 
described. The cells of the lobular mass are irregular in 
shape but definite in outline ; they do not dissolve at their 
margins into an intercellular substance. In size, 20 g would 
be the greatest length of a moderately large one. The 
nucleus has the same general characters as in fully-grown 
