284 
J. STEPHENSON. 
of the chromophil cells is less marked ; in very young specimens 
neither has taken place. The capsule is also more and more 
incomplete the younger the specimen. 
(6) The cells are to be looked on as of peritoneal origin ; 
that is to say, they are modifications of the original lining 
cells of the coelomic cavity. Hence the absence of capsule 
in the early stages; and hence the original limitation of the 
cells to the superficial portion of the pharyngeal mass. 
(7) The main function of the cells is probably metabolic ; 
but it is at present impossible to particularise further. 
References to Literature. 
1. Beddard, F. E. — “ Contributions to tlie Anatomy of Earthworms, 
with Descriptions of Some New Species,” ‘ Quart. Journ. Micr. 
Sci.,’ (n.s.), vol. 30, 1890. 
2. ‘ A Monograph of the Order Oligochaeta,’ Oxford, 1895. 
3. Dobell, C. C. — “Cytological Studies on Three Species of Amoeba,” 
‘Arch. Protistenkunde,’ vol. xxxiv, 1914. 
4. Eisen, G. — “ Pacific Coast Oligochaeta,” ‘ Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci.,’ 
vol. ii, No. 4, 1895. 
5. Ibid.. No. 5, 1896. 
6. Hesse, R. — “ Zur vergleiclienden Anatomie der Oligochaeten,” 
‘ Zeit. f. wiss. Zool.,’ vol. lviii, 1894. 
7. Parker and Haswell. — ‘A Text-book of Zoology,’ London, 1910. 
7a. Raff, Janet W. — “Contributions to our Knowledge of Australian 
Earthworms. The Alimentary Canal ; Pt. 1,” ‘ Proc. Roy. Soc. 
Viet.,’ vol. xxii (n.s.), pt. 2, 1910. 
8. de Ribaucourt, E. — “ Etude sur l’anatomie comparee des Lom- 
bricides,” ‘ Bull. Scient. France et Belg ,’ vol. xxxv, 1901. 
9. Yejdovsky, F. — ‘ System und Morphologie der Oligochaeten,’ Prag., 
1884. 
10. Yogt and Yung. — ‘ Traite d’anatomie comparee pratique,’ Paris, 
1888. 
