CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS OF THE GERM-CELLS. 447 
found. All larvae and pupae examined by me were either 
males or females. With regard to cytological abnormalities, 
one found nothing very remarkable. By means of smears 1 
fixed in osmic or in formalin bichromate or in both, it 
is possible to find some curious facts in connection with 
mitoses and mitchondria. With the exception of Munson, 
who figures several abnormalities, observers have overlooked 
these exceptional stages; the reason for this is that such 
abnormalities can only be detected successfully in smeared 
preparations, which most other observers of Lepidoptera 
have not used. However, PI. 25, figs. 30 and 43, were 
drawn from sections of Smerinthus. The former shows a 
binucleate cell, with three sets of centrosomes, and two 
micromitosomata ; the mitochondria and acroblasts are 
normal; such cells seem to arise by the cell-plate not 
forming during a spermatogonial mitosis. The latter figure 
(PI. 25, fig. 43) shows a triaster mitosis.the twenty-eight chromo- 
somes being distributed as indicated ; eight to one aster, 
four to another, and sixteen to the other; each aster has its 
acroblasts and the biggest aster has the most mitochondrial 
matter near it. This was a probably first maturation division 
and was found in a nest of second maturation divisions ; it 
is larger than the usual spermatocyte at the end of growth 
period and this accounts for the delay in - divisions ; I take 
it to be a first maturation division by the fact that two of 
its centrosomes each had two flagella. In PI. 25, figs. 52 
and 53 are shown drawings from smears of Vanessa testis; 
the first figure shows an accessory macromitosome ( M.D 4), 
•evidently formed by some mitochondria being isolated during 
spireme formation ; the second figure shows a double cell 
in which one macromitosome has more matter than! its 
share. 
1 Too much reliance cannot be placed on abnormalities found in 
smears, for during the process of spreading the gonad on the slide the 
fresh cells often either burst or run together. 
