556 
J. BRONTE GATENBY. 
Introductory. 
The first part of the present series of papers (1) dealt with 
the cytoplasmic bodies in the gametogenesis of the Lepi- 
doptera. In this paper I am publishing the results of a study 
of the cytoplasm in the hermaphrodite. Helix aspersa. 
Not only is the gametogenesis treated, but a careful study has- 
been made of the problems surrounding the appearance of 
eggs, spermatozoa, nurse-cells and follicle cells from the same 
germinal epithelium. Special care has been taken in order to 
get the very best preparations of all stages, and extensive 
experiments were undertaken to improve the current tech- 
nical fixing methods. This study proved more formidable 
than at first seemed probable, and some of the minor problems 
had to be imperfectly treated in order to keep the paper 
within reasonable bounds. Where such minor problems 
appear I have indicated in the text, and the snail still offers 
many attractive lines of research on germ-cells. I have to 
thank Dr. Goodrich for his kind and constant interest and 
useful criticism. This work was done in the Department of 
Physiology, and my warmest thanks are due to Prof. Sher- 
rington . 
Previous Work. 
Apart from the ordinary study of the formation of the 
gametes, the snail has provided the material for a host of 
studies on hermaphroditism. The ovotestis, ever since its dis- 
covery, has fascinated many observers, and the large number 
of papers which have appeared on the hermaphrodite gland 
of the Pulmonates is justified when one considers what a 
remarkable phenomenon is the appearance of several distinct 
categories of cells — sperms, eggs, and nurse-cells — from a 
single indifferent pavement epithelium. 
Those who would study the history of our knowledge of the 
Helicid gametogenesis may consult Ancel’s excellent memoir, 
wherein are mentioned the main contributions made by the 
large number of observers on this subject. In this paper I 
