ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY^ MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
19 
Nomenclature of Sexual Organs in Plants and Animals.^ — Prof. 
T. Jelfery Parker olfers some criticisms on Mr. R. J. Harvey Gibson’s 
essay “ On the Terminology of the Reproductive Organs of Plants.” 
He would retain the terms gonad ( = rejiroductive organ), gamete 
(= conjugating body), and zygote (= product of conjugation), and use 
the terms sperniary and ovary for the differentiated male and female 
gonads, sperm and ovum for male and female gametes, zygospore for a 
resting cell or non-motile zygote formed by the conjugation of equal and 
similar gametes ; zygooospore for a similarly formed motile zygote and 
oosperm for a zygote formed by the union of ovum and sperm. 
Prof. Parker gives a useful table in which are classified the chief 
methods of sexual reproduction, but of which we have only space for the 
larger divisions. 
A. Union temporary, probably accompanied by an exchange of 
nuclear material, and followed by increased activity in fissive multipli- 
cation ; gametes equal and similar and coextensive with the conjugating 
organisms. 
e. g. Paramsecium. 
B. Union permanent, resulting in the formation of a zygote, the 
nucleus of which is (? always) formed by the fusion of the nuclei of the 
two gametes. 
1. Gametes equal and similar. 
e. g. DaUingeria, Protococcus, et al. 
IT. Gametes equal in size, but one (ovum or egg-cell) is either 
altogether non-motile or becomes so before conjugation, while the other 
(sperm or sperm-cell) is motile. 
e. g. Spirogijra, Ecfocarpus. 
III. Gametes dissimilar both in form and size, one, the microgamete, 
being relatively small and active ; the other, a macrogamete, relatively 
large and passive. 
e. g. Vorticella, Volvox, Fucu.s, Metazoa, Phanerogams. 
Egg-capsule of Chimsera monstrosa.j — Dr. A. Gunther gives a 
description of the egg-capsule of Chimsera monstrosa ; it was dredged by 
the Rev. W. S. Green last July in 315 fathoms off the south-west coast 
of Ireland, and is of especial interest since the egg-capsule described by 
J. Muller and by Dumeril as that of Chimsera is that of Callorhynchus. 
It is 6 J in. long, broad anteriorly, and gradually tapers into a styliforni 
posterior portion for the tail of the embryo; this styliforni process is 
provided with four narrow ridges of which the strongest is that on the 
right side; the dorsal and ventral ridges are thinner, fragile, and show 
a rayed structure. Dr. Gunther has already suggested that Chimsera 
most probably jiropagates in deeji water ; the capsule has no filaments 
for adhesion, and these would be useless at a depth where the water is 
perfectly quiet. 
y. General. 
Index to the' ‘ Zoologischer Anzeiger.’f — Prof. J. V. Cams has 
issued a very elaborate, and apparently complete, though by no means 
* Proc. Australasian Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1888, pp. 338-48. 
t Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., iv. (1889) pp. 415-7. 
X Leipzig (Engelraann), 8vo, 1889, iv. and 444 pp. 
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