ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
47 
surface form. The complete absence of Ehizostomata from his collec- 
tions is striking, though fishermen say that they abound in July and 
August. Two new Cydippids were found, one of which is the type of a 
new genus which it is proposed to call Ute, while the specific name is 
cijanea. Sexually mature examples are not more than three to four mm. 
across. Although not common, it is constantly found throughout the 
winter. Young examples are devoid of the blue pigment which gives 
the specific name to the adult. The other new form is called RormipJiora 
palmata ; it appears to be allied to the Mediterranean species H. plumosa. 
Alcyonaria of the ‘ Challenger.’* — Professors E. P. Wright and 
T. Studer have issued their report on the Alcyonaria, other than the 
Pennatulida, collected during the voyage of the ‘ Challenger.’ The 
classificatory views of Prof. Studer have already been explained in this 
Journal.| In all 189 species are described, 133 of which were forms 
already known. As the record of deep-sea Alcyonaria is still very 
incomplete, the authors deem it premature to draw any conclusion from 
them. Some of the species described are of remarkable beauty ; such, 
for example, are Dasygorgia cupressa, and the sjDecies of Stenella and 
Primnoisis ; the largest number of new forms appears to be in the genus 
Spongodes. 
Actiniaria of the Bahamas.J — Dr. J. P. M‘Murrich gives a sys- 
tematic and anatomical account of the Actiniaria of the Bahamas. One 
of the most striking characters of Aiptasia annulata is the occurrence 
upon the tentacles of a number of elevated bauds ; these are due to the 
thickening of the ectoderm only, the mesogloea taking no part in their 
formation ; they contain a number of nematocysts. In Discosoma 
anemone, on the other hand, the elevations on the column are produced 
by solid conical outgrowths of the mesogloea, while the ectoderm which 
covers them is quite undifferentiated, and resembles in structure that 
which covers the walls in the intervals between them. Several specimens 
of this species were obtained in various stages of division. In the endo- 
derm of Bhodactis Sancti Thomse numerous cysts were found imbedded, 
measuring about 68 /x in length by 27 fx in breadth, and looking almost 
like encysted nematode parasites ; they were found on examination to bo 
nematocysts. Heteranthus jioridus was observed in tlie process of fission ; 
in one case the only evidence of it was the presence of two distinct 
peristomial elevations, each with a mouth, upon the disc, and a crowding 
of the rows of disc tentacles on the portion of the disc common to the 
two mouths. Several new species are described in this memoir. 
The author was much struck by the resemblance which the Actiniarian 
fauna of the Bahamas presents to that of the Pacific, and its decided 
difference from that of the eastern coast of America. The occurrence 
of Lebriinea neglecta in shallow water in the West Indies is of con- 
siderable interest in view of the fact that the other members of the 
Deiidromelinm occur, so far as is known, in deep water — 1375 and 
2160 fathoms — off the coast of Chili. The author thinks that it is not 
so much the absolute temperature which limits the distribution of 
animals as the exposure to great, or more or less sudden variations. 
* ‘Challenger ’ Reports, xxxi. (1889) No. Ixiv., 314 pp, (43 pis.). 
t 1888, p. 237. X Journal of Morphology, iii. (1889) pp. 1-80 (4 pis.). 
