ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETO. 
59 
cases of the genera and species. Glandular hairs are exceedingly com- 
mon, often almost entirely replacing all other kinds ; and they are very 
often accompanied also by oil-glands. Many species have branched 
hairs; in Lavandula they are stellate. The interior of the flower is 
very often provided with hairs of various kinds, which are concerned 
either with protection from the attacks of insects or Avith the carriage 
of pollen. 
Hairs of Labiatse, Scrophulariaceae, and Solanacese. * * * § — Herr F. 
A. Hoch describes the hairs characteristic of the different suborders of 
Labiat8B, which vary greatly. In the Scrophulariaceae there is not the 
same amount of variation, the prevalent form being simple multicellular 
hairs witF smooth or warty cell-wall. The Orobanchaceae with their 
glandular hairs stand by themselves. In the Solanaceae a great variety 
exists in the form of the hairs ; the Atropaceae are distinguished by 
the absence of sessile glands, and the occurrence of shortly stalked 
capitate hairs. 
Underground Scales of Lathraea.f — M. M. Hovelacque describes the 
structure and development of the underground scaly leaves of Lathrsea. 
When mature the margins and apex are recurved so as completely to 
cover the under side of the leaf with the exception of the basal region. 
From the latter a small opening leads to an anterior space into which 
posterior cavities open on all sides ; all the chambers are clothed 
with the epiderm of the under side of the leaf, which is covered with 
numerous capitate hairs and peltate glands, but has no stomates. A 
single vein passes from the stem into the scale, where it branches. 
Structure of Kdnigia.J — Herr O. duel elucidates several obscure 
points in the structure of Konigia islandica (Polygonaceee). The 
phyllotaxis he describes as a modification of the decussate, in which 
the two leaves of some pairs are separated by an internode. All inter- 
mediate stages occur between this and the normal decussate phyllotaxis. 
In the development of the flowers the stamens originate earlier than the 
perianth-leaves. The inflorescence is cymo-botryoid, not differing in 
any essential point from that which occurs in typical Polygonacem. 
Root-tubercles of Leguminosae.§ — Herr A. Prazmowski reviews the 
present state of our knowledge on this subject, and gives the results of 
a fresh series of experiments, chiefly on Pisum. 
The tubercles are not normal structures, but are formed only as 
the results of infection, the infecting organisms being bacteria, as deter- 
mined by Beyerinck ; and the formation of tubercles takes place only 
when the root is young, the mature organs not being liable to infection. 
The bacteria perforate directly the young cell-w'all, and thus enter the 
root-hairs and the epidermal cells of the root, where they multiply at 
* ‘Verjrleich. Unters. iib. d. Behaarung unserer Labiaten, Scrophularineen u, 
Solaneen,’ Freiburg-i.-B., 1888. See Bot. Centralbl., xxxix. (1889) p. 124. 
t Bull. Soc. d’Etud. Scient. Paris, xi. (1888) 5 pp. See Bot. Centralbl., xxxix. 
(1889) p. 84. Cf. this Journal, 1889, p. 89. 
X SB. Naturv. Studentsallsk. Upsala, April 19, 1888 (2 figs.). See Bot. 
Centralbl., xl. (1889) pp. 5 and 36. 
§ SB. K.K. Akad. Wiss. Krakau, 1889. See Bot. Centralbl., xxxix. (1889) 
p. 356. Cf. this Journal, 1889, p. 246. 
