ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
73 
possibly only varieties of E. Muscse ; and Lophorhiza Carpentieri. All 
the gnats attacked by the parasite were males. 
New Chytridiacese.* * * § — M. P. A. Dangeard describes two new species 
of Chytridium, G. Brehissonii, parasitic on Coleochsete scutata, in which 
the sporanges have 4-8 strap-shaped appendages on the anterior side ; 
and C. simplex, parasitic on the cysts of Cryptomonas, the sporanges 
being outside the gelatinous envelope of the host, and the rhizoids pene- 
trating into it. 
New Fungus-parasite of the Cucumber. f — Under the name Ustilago 
CiiGimis Dr. A. B. Griffiths describes a fungus which attacks the roots 
of the cucumber, causing the well-known nodular swellings on the root 
rich in albuminoids. It differs from the normal Ustilagiuese in the 
absence of septa in the hyphae. The spores retain their vitality for a 
long time in the soil. The fungus was readily cultivated in Sachs’ 
nutrient solution. 
Fasciation of Mucedineae.^ — By this term M. J. Costantin under- 
stands the Coremium-form of such fungi as Penicillium, and proposes that 
when both forms of any species are known, the name by which it was first 
described should be retained, but with the prefix “ syn ” or “ haplo,” 
accordingly as it is the coremial or the simple form ; thus Coi'emium must 
in future be known as Synpenicillium ; but that when a generic name 
has been employed for compound fungi belonging to different forms, it 
should be suppressed ; thus Isaria must be replaced by Sijnsterigmatomyces. 
He further states that Coremium vulgare is a fasciate form of Penicillium 
crustaceum, and Isaria farinosa of a form resembling Spicaria ; and that 
there are similar relationships between Stysanus stemonitis and Hormo- 
dendron, and between Verticillium ruherrimum and Acrostalagmus cinna- 
harinus : Isaria aracJinophila is the coremial form of a Sterigmatocystis. 
Alternaria and Cladosporium.§ — M. J. Costantin describes both 
Alternaria and Cladosporium, and the various forms which they assume 
when cultivated. Alternaria tenuis is a filamentous fungus with a short 
fertile stem. Cladosporium, which is a very common fungus, has never 
been well described, on account of the variability of its microscopic 
characters. The author then traces the passage of Cladosporium to 
Hormodendron, and gives a short account of several species belonging to 
both these genera. In conclusion, he states that it is possible to obtain 
by the culture of Alternaria forms closely resembling Cladosporium, 
observation confirming this result while multiplying the stages of 
passage to a form which can reproduce itself as Cladosporium. This last 
form can transform itself into Hormodendron. 
Fusisporium moschatum.|| — Dr. J. Heller found on a dried-up 
anatomical specimen a fungus-growth which he decided was identical 
with the Fusisporium moscliatum described by Kitasato ^ and others. 
* Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, ii. (1889) pp. 152-3. See Bot. Centralbl., xl. 
(1889) p. 138. t ffioc. Roy. Soc. Ediub., xv. (1887-8) pp. 403-lU (1 pi.). 
X Soc. IMycol. de France, iv. (1888) pp. 62-8 (1 pi. and 7 figs.) See Bot, 
Centralbl., xl. (1889) p. 212. 
§ Rev. Ge'n, de Bot., i. (1889) pp. 453-66, 501-7 (2 pis.). Cf. this Journal, 1889. 
p. 563. 11 Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., vi. (1889) pp. 97-105 (3 figs.). 
Cf. tliis Journal, 1889, p. 560. 
