SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING T(7 
8 {) 
MICROSCOPY. 
a. Instruments, Accessories, &c.* 
(1) Stands. 
Mirand’s and Klonne and Muller’s Microscopes with revolving' 
stages. — In 1880 we described f the Microscope of MM. Klonne and 
Muller with a revolving stage for eight slides, which had then been 
issued. Subsequently we heard of a similar instrument by M. Mirand 
in which, however, the stage had also a motion from back to front, so that 
three objects could be observed on each of the slides, and in 1883 we 
described J this as an extension of the principle of MM. Klonne and 
Muller’s Microscope. It is now stated § that M. Mirand’s instrument 
was exhibited at the Paris Exhibition of 1878, and was therefore the 
original form, so that in place of the French makers having devised 
a “ modification mieux comprise,” it is the German makers who are 
responsible for an “ imitation mal comprise.” 
Nobert’s Micrometer-Microscopes. — Fig. 1 shows an early form 
of Microscope devised specially by the late F. A. Nobert for fine measure- 
ments by stage-micrometer. 
The chief peculiarities in the design are (1) the application of the 
stage-micrometer, and (2) the arrangement of the fine-adjustment. 
(1) The stage-micrometer is a permanent attachment of the stage, 
the micrometer-screw acting upon a travelling stud fixed beneath the 
upper plate, causing it to traverse the field of view laterally. The 
screw is actuated by a large radial wheel, the spokes being of such a 
length that a very small movement can be effected. The radial wheel 
is removable, when the Microscope can be used for ordinary observa- 
tions. 
(2) The fine-adjustment is effected by a screw passing through 
the standard from the back and pressing against a bar or arm about 
2 inches in length, extending downwards at the back of the stage. 
The stage is suspended on the standard on coned screw-pivots fitted in 
a fork-piece, and is easily detached by releasing the pivots by the 
milled heads shown on either side of the standard. The fine-adjustment 
screw pressing against the bar beneath the stage causes the latter to 
incline upwards from the horizontal, and so to approach the objective ; 
with the reverse motion of the screw the stage inclines the opposite 
wav by gravitation. This system of fine-adjustment was (we believe) 
first devised by Herr Nobert, and has been largely adopted in Germany 
for low-priced Microscopes. 
Fig. 2 shows the improved form of Micrometer-Microscope as 
exhibited by Herr Nobert at the Exhibition of 1862.|| 
(1) The stage-micrometer with its graduated drum and vernier 
is carried by the stage, whilst the screw is actuated by a large milled 
* This subdivision contains (1) Stands; (2) Eye-pieces and Objectives; (.S) Illu- 
minating and other Apparatus; (4) Photomicrography; (5) Microscopical Optics 
and Manipulation ; (6) Miscellaneous. 
•f This Journal, 1880, p. 144. J This Journal, 1883, p. 897. 
§ Journ. de Micrographie, xiii. (1889) pp. 52.3-4. 
[1 Vide Reports of the Juries, Cl iss XII p. 25. 
