ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
221 
mildew of cherry {Podosphderia oxyacaniha) ; cracking of the pear (Ento- 
mosporium maculatnm) ; leaf-spot of rose (Cercospora rossecola)', plum- 
pockets ( Taphrina Pruni) ; apple-rust (Boestelia pirata) ; Septosporium 
on grape-leaves (^Septosporium Jieterosporium) ; leaf-spot of maple 
(Phyllosticta acericola) ; sycamore-disease (Gleosporium nervisequum ) ; 
poplar-leaf-rust (Melampsora populind). 
Agaricini,^ — M. V. Fayod gives a detailed account of the morpho- 
logy of this group of Fungi, and of the relationship to one another of 
its various families. The various organs are described under the 
following heads : — (1) the mycele, including the primary mycele, the 
secondary mycele, and the pseudorhizes. Under the first head the mycele 
may be either ordinary or persistent; the persistent primary mycele 
may be either nematoid (filamentous), spartoid (corticated), or tuberous 
(sclerotes), and is always a reservoir for food-materials ; the last form 
may be again either exosclerotes or mycelial tubercles. By pseudorhizes 
the author understands root-like mycelial structures which develope at 
the base of the carpophore from its cells; (2) The carpophore (recep- 
tacle), including the stipe, the pileus, and the lamellae. Under this 
head are treated three kinds of tissue, the fundamental, the connecting, 
and the strengthening ; excretions, whether of a gaseous, liquid, or solid 
nature ; and the phenomenon of luminosity, a list of all known luminous 
agarics being given. Under the head of the lamellae are described the 
trama, the subhymenium, the hymenopode (which is found sometimes 
between the subhymenium and the trama), and the hymenium, including 
the cystids, basids, sterigmates, and spores. Among spores reference is 
made to the rarely occurring chlamydospores, microconids, and gemmae. 
The development of the various forms of the receptacle and of its 
accessory organs are then described in detail. 
In the systematic portion of the paper the genera of Agaricini are 
classified under six series (a diagnosis of which is not always given j and 
twenty-seven tribes, and the following new genera are described : — In 
Pleuroteae, Omphalotus, Urospora, Pleurotellus ; in Lepioteae, Cystoderma, 
Fusispora ; in Naucorieae, PJioliotina ; in Pholioteae, Byssospora, Myxo- 
cybe ; in Pluteideae, Schinzinia ; in CortinarieaB, Spliserotrachys ; in 
Pratelleae, Astylospora, Pluteopsis, Psilocyhe, Glyptospora ; in Copri- 
noideae, Lentispora, Ephemerocybe ; in Paxilleae, Gymnogomphus ; in 
Fusisporeae, Hexajuga. 
Cultures of Nyctalis asterophora.j-— M. J. Costantin states that in 
1859 De Bary returned to the opinion of Krombholz, and regarded 
Asteropliora as composed of the chlamydospores of Nyctalis^ and Brefeld 
has definitely closed the debate by establishing that the pure cultures of 
the basidiospores of Nyctalis give Asteropliora. The author describes 
cultures made by himself on sterilized potato dipped in orange juice. 
Cuprophilous Fungus. {—Prof. F. Cohn describes the mycele of a 
fungus (species undetermined) from the copper-mines of Bio Tinto in 
Spain, which grew vigorously and produced conids in soil containing a 
considerable amount of both sulphate of iron and sulphate of copper. 
* Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.), ix. (1889) pp. 181-411 (2 pis.). 
t Journ. de Bot. (Morot), iii. (1889) pp. 313-5. 
X JB. Schles. Gesell. Vaterl. Cultur, 1888 (J889) p 160. 
