ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICIIOSCOPY, ETC. 
369 
The second family or CLAVARiEiE includes the genera Typhula, 
Pterula, Clavaria, Pistillana, and Sparassisy and doubtfully Microcera. 
The Tomentelle^ are separated from the Thelephoreae, and 
include those genera with no well-developed hymenium or receptacle, 
the basids springing directly from the mycele, viz.: — Pacliysterigma 
g. n., HypochnuSy Tomentellay Exobasidium, and Corticium. Pachy- 
sterigma consists of four species of minute fungi, composed of thick, 
loosely interwoven mycelial threads with but few clamp-connections on 
the septa. The basids spring directly from these filaments as lateral 
pear-shaped or spherical swellings, and produce from four to eight 
sterigraas. Tliese latter swell into a globular form, and put out long 
protrusions, on which arise the large round or elongated spores ; on 
germination these form secondary spores, but no other kind of fructifica- 
tion. Exobasidium differs from the other Tomentellese in its parasitic 
mode of life ; Corticium includes the most highly developed forms of 
the order. 
To the THELEPHOREiE in the more limited sense of the term belong 
the genera Stereum, Cyphella, Thelepliora, and Craterellus. 
In the Hydne.® the hymenium is more fully developed than in the 
previous families, but not so much so as in the Agaricineee and 
Polyporeas; but many of the genera bear an external resemblance to 
genera in those families ; thus Odontia and Grandinia to Corticiumy 
Phlebia to Merulius, Irpex to Dsedalea and Lenz\teSy the pileoid forms to 
corresponding genera of Polyporeae. The genera are described in 
detail. 
The numerous genera of Agarioine.e are then described, including 
the oidium-form in several genera, and the formation of chlamydospores 
in Nyctalis. 
Among PoLYPORE^, in addition to Porotlielium, Solenia (intermediate 
between Polyporem and Thelephorese), MeriUiuSy Favolus, Dsedaleay Hexa~ 
gonoy TrameteSy Polyporus, Fistulina, and Boletus, two new genera are 
described, viz. Oligosporus and HeterobasidioUy both separated from 
Polyporus. Besides basids, there occur also in the family oidia, 
chlamydospores, and conids. Oligosporus embraces those species 
hitherto included under Polyporus in which the formation of hymenium 
with basidiospores is almost entirely suppressed, the ordinary mode of 
propagation being by abundant chlamydospores ; it includes three species. 
Heterobasidion is founded on Polyporus annosus Fr. (Trametes radiciperda 
Hart.). 
The Autobasidiomycetes are distinguished from the Protobasidio- 
mycetes by their uuseptated basids ; the latter include the angiocarpous 
Pilacreas, the gymnocarpous AuricularieaB, and the Tremellineae ; the 
former the Dacryomycetes, Tomentelleae, Thelephoreee, Gasteromycetes, 
and Hymenomycetes. In the Protobasidiomycetes, conids are almost the 
only form of secondary reproductive bodies ; among the Autobasidio- 
mycetes, we find frequent formation of chlamydospores, of which oidia 
are the simplest form. The Thelephorese and Tomentelleae, being 
entirely gymnocarpous, are the simplest orders of the family. The conids 
are an independent form of fructification, and do not vary in character 
throughout the Basidiomycetes. Basids are formed by progressive 
development from the conidiophores, and show considerable diversity in 
1890. 2 D 
