10 
bulletin of the natural history society. 
while in the deeper waters, north-west of it, in New Brunswick 
were deposited the dark gray slates and whinstones of a deeper 
ocean. In Nova Scotia, the Goldenville quartzites pass upward 
into dark carbonaceous slates (“Halifax formation”) as the 
coarse slates and grits of New Brunswick pass up into fine dark 
gray slates. 
As yet, however, we find no Acadian land, though as in the 
Laurentian time the , sands of the quartzites and grits indicate 
that some adjoining portion of the earth’s crust was above the 
sea — now, however, more definitely placed than in Laurentian 
time by the long Atlantic border of the Maguma formation. 
To the Kingston effusives, as indicative of an active volcanic 
movement along a definite line in southern New Brunswick, we 
have already alluded. They mark an episode and a time not 
yet recognized in the Maguma area in Nova Scotia but probab- 
ly in certain effusive rocks to the north of it. 
EXPLANATION OF MAP NO. 1. 
The time chosen for representation in this map is for Nova 
Scotia the upper part of the quartzite division of the Maguma 
or gold-bearing series. At this time, while the quartzites still 
continued to be deposited in eastern Nova Scotia, as shown by 
E. R. Faribault, the western half of the peninsula had variegated 
slates, etc., as shown by Professor L. W. Bailey, and, in the 
extreme southwest, volcanics. The fine dark slates and silicious 
mud rocks of northern Nova Scotia, here considered deep-water 
Huronian, in the Canadian Geological reports are called Cambro- 
Silurian. For New Brunswick the map shows also Laurentian 
and Upper Huronian belts and a basin of Cambrian rocks. 
The Cambrian Phase. 
There is good reason to suppose that a large amount of 
denudation occurred after the Huronian formation was deposited 
and before the oldest Cambrian deposits were produced and 
therefore that a long time-period intervened with the earth’s 
crust in this region raised above the sea. 
One reason for this view is that all the known Cambrian 
areas have terranes that began with land depositions and that 
