ARTICLE I. 
NEW BRUNSWICK CAVES. 
By L. W. Bailey, LL. D., F. R. S. C. 
(Read December ist, 1903 * 
The literature of New Brunswick, scientific or otherwise, 
contains but few references to caves as occurring* within its 
borders, a circumstance from which the inference might naturally 
be drawn that they do not exist. Nor is the geological structure 
of the country very favorable to their development; for while 
considerable areas are occupied by limestones, the material in 
which caverns in other parts of the world are most extensively 
developed, and the Province possesses an extended coast line 
open to the undermining action of the sea, the limestones lack 
that horizontality which is almost as important as their chemical 
nature in the determination of extensive underground water- 
courses, while a considerable portion of the coast is composed of 
metamorphic rocks, which are not only highly tilted, but of such 
a nature as to be but little affected by the attacks made upon them. 
As a matter of fact, therefore, the Province does not contain any 
caves or caverns at all comparable with those met with in some 
other countries. Yet we are not wholly without subterranean 
cavities, and some of these are by no means devoid of interest. 
It is the purpose of this paper to bring together, as is being done 
by Dr. Ganong in relation to other physiographic features of the 
Province, such authentic facts relating to this subject as the 
writer has been able to obtain. 
Sea Caves. 
Two sides of New Brunswick front the sea, one, the southern, 
fronting the Bay of Fundy, being about 250 miles in length, while 
*Read previously before the Fredericton Natural History Society. 
