180 
BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
notes upon its geology recorded in his well-known Report of 
1865. It was next studied by Ells in 1879, ^vhose observations, 
in the Report of the Geological Survey for 1879-1880, gave us our 
present knowledge of the geology of that region. It was ascend- 
ed by i\Ir. Chalmers in 1884, for the study of the surface geology 
of the region, and his observations are in the Report of the Geo- 
logical Survey for 1885. In 1900 a collection of mammals was 
made at Grog Brook Lake by Thaddeus Surber for the Field 
Columbian IMuseum of Chicago, as described in Publication 54, 
1901, of the museum. Our knowledge of the elevations along 
the river is given in Note 62. Its economic history is very brief. 
It is a rich lumbering river, and much lumbering has been done 
upon it for more than a century, but it is settled only for some 
ten miles above its mouth. Sportsmen have visited it frequently, 
but the only published account of a trip along it that I have found 
is the very brief one by Dashwood ( Chiploquorgan, 40), who 
ascended it in 1863, and portaged from the west branch to 
Tobique. The same route was followed by IMr. W. H. Venning 
on one of his trips, as he relates in Forest and Stream, January 
loth, 1903. 
The Upsalquitch River* heads in the charming Upsalquitch 
Fake, which I have described in Note 65. In that and an earlier 
note (No. 33) I have expressed the belief that Upsalquitch Lake 
represents only a recent (perhaps post-glacial) head of this river, 
and that its morphological head, that which it had originally, 
was in the Main South Branch of Nepisiguit. This implies that 
the Nepisiguit River from Silver Brook downwards, and from 
somewhere near ]\Iount Denys upward, originally formed 
branches of this ancient river, which we may call the U psalqiiitch- 
* Corrupted from the Micmac Abseiqueich, said to mean a small river in contrast 
with the Restigouche, much as we commonly use Little River). It first appeared on \ an 
Velden’s map as Upsalquitch, which was copied upon Purdy’s map of 1814 in its present 
form, apparently by a simple misprint of the / for a But this form persisted upon all 
maps, apparently without exception, to the present, and has determined the present literary 
(school, tourist, and other map-using public) pronunciation. Locally, however, by Indians ^ 
lumbermen and others, the / is rarely, if ever, heard, the river being Apstegouche, 
Absequish, etc. The names of the various branches are mostly for the various lumbermen 
who first operated upon them, except Popelogan, which is said by the Indians not to be 
Micmac, and which was perhaps given by some early American lumbermen for one of the 
, places of that name in Maine, or southern New Brunswick. 
