ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
55 
spots of yolk. The cementing and other glands which form an inter- 
estingly diverse series are described. But as most of this chapter 
is simply corroboratory, we shall only further note that Hesse believes 
that the spermatogonia pass into the seminal vesicles by amoeboid 
movement. 
Gonads of Lumbriculus variegatus Grube.*— Dr. R. Hesse de' 
scribes the gonads of this Oligochsete when sexually mature, a state in 
which the animal is rarely found. There is one pair of testes in the 
eighth segment. In the same segment lie the seminal funnels with 
which the vasa deferentia are connected ; the latter open into a pair of 
capacious atria, also in the eighth segment. The septum between the 
eighth and ninth segment is dilated into paired seminal vesicles which 
extend far back. There are two pairs of ovaries, lying in segments 
9 and 10 ; the small oviducts open in the intersegmental grooves between 
9 and 10, 10 and 11. There are four pairs of receptacula seminis in 
segments 10-13. No clitellum was to be seen. In the possession of a 
large atrium at the end of the vas deferens, in the minuteness and 
position of the oviducts, and in the number of the parts, this genus 
stands apart from other Lumbriculidae. 
Benhamia csecifera.j — Dr. W. B. Benham gives a description of this 
new earthworm from Axim, West Africa. It owes its specific name to 
the presence of a number of peculiar finger-shaped caeca arising from the 
intestine, and is marked by the presence of peculiar copulatory pits on 
the ventral field, and some other characters. In point of size (510 mm. 
long) it resembles some other species of the genus from the same area. 
Development of Hirudinea.ij: — Herr O. Burger lays emphasis on the 
essential agreement of Nephelis , Hirudo, and Aulostomum , as regards the 
development of coelom, blood-vessels, botryoidal tissue, nephridia, and 
gonads. The present paper is concerned with Hirudo medicinalis and 
Aulostomum gulo. 
The rudiment of the blood-vascular system is quite distinct from 
that of the coelom. The latter arises in a manner similar to what is 
observed in the mesoderm bands of Annelids. Though the botryoidal 
vessels become very closely connected with coelom and blood-vessels, 
tiey are originally quite distinct. The nephridial funnels of Nephelis 
correspond to the testicular lobes of the nephridia in Hirudo and 
aulostomum, and probably to the funnels of Chsetopods ; in all cases the 
structures arise from a single large cell occupying a similar position in 
the different forms. The same is true of the looped portion and the 
efferent duct. The ovaries arise as thickenings of the splanchnic layer 
of the lateral cavities, the ducts are invaginations. The testes and the 
vasa deferentia connecting them arise from the peritoneal epithelium, 
from the somatic layer of the lateral cavities ; but the anterior portions 
of the vasa deferentia, the copulatory apparatus and genital aperture 
arise as invaginations of the body epithelium. In this also there is 
agreement with Annelids in general. 
* Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., lviii. (1894) pp. 355-63 (1 ph). 
t Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xxxvii. (1894) pp. 103-12 (1 ph). 
t Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zook, lviii. (1894) pp. 440-59 (3 pis.). 
