ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
91 
vulgaris and, as the illustrations show, forms large, circular, well-defined 
colonies. In shape, motility, and liquefying properties it resembled 
B. jluorescens liquescens, but is distinguished therefrom by its slower' 
growth and other characters. 
Vibrio terrigenus.* — Dr. Gunther isolated from mould a vibrio which 
in hanging drops and in stained preparations is indistinguishable from 
the cholera vibrio. V. terrigenus is mobile and possesses flagella at both 
ends. It does not liquefy 10 per cent, gelatin. On gelatin the colonies 
are at first small, round, and homogeneous ; in the second 24 hours 
they look like fat drops, and in 8 days are about 1 cm. in diameter. In 
old plates the colonies are brownish and exhale a faintly ammoniacal 
aromatic odour. On agar V. terrigenus grows better at 27°-28° than at 
37°, forming a thin greyish-white overlay which is indistinguishable from 
cultures of other colonies. Bouillon suits it well, but not alkaline pepton 
solutions. Its cultures do not give the nitroso-indol reaction. It grows 
well on potato, especially at 28°, forming a yellowish to brownish over- 
lay. It is strongly aerobic. It does not ferment sugar nor coagulate 
milk. It is easily stained, but not by Gram’s method. It is not patho- 
genic to guinea-pigs, rabbits, mice, or pigeons. 
Intestinal Bacilli of the Horse and other Domesticated Animals.t — 
Mr. H. G. Dyar and Mr. S. C. Keith examined the excrement of horses, 
dogs, goats, rabbits, cats, pigs, and cows, and found that Bacterium coli 
commune exists in the majority of the domestic animals. In the goat and 
rabbit the presence of B. coli com. is exceptional and scanty, in the cat, 
cow, dog and pig frequent, and often as a pure cultivation. From culti- 
vations of these coli organisms on agar, gelatin, bouillon, glycerin-agar, 
nitrate solution, milk, Wurtz’s agar, potato, &c., they were found to 
be in perfect agreement with the behaviour of the B. coli com. of man. 
In horse-dung the authors found a hitherto undescribed microbe 
Bacillus equi inlestinalis, remarkable for its variable shape. On agar 
it is from 1-2 fx long and 1 fx broad. On oblique agar at 37° *5 it grows 
as thin transparent round spots which usually remain isolated and never 
run all over the agar surface. On Wurtz’s agar the medium is stained 
red, milk is coagulated in two days, but no gas is developed. 
New Bacillus of Malignant (Edema.f — Prof. F. G. Novy describes 
a microbe which he names Bacillus oedematis maligni ii. The rods are 
quite straight, 3 *5-4 *3 /x long and 0*8-0 *9 /x thick. The flagella, 
which may be extremely long, are easily stained, and can be seen in 
unstained preparations. The bacillus is an essential anaerobe ; it grows 
well in alkaline bouillon, gelatin, or agar with 2 per cent, pepton and 
2 per cent, grape-sugar at 35°— 38° C., and is pathogenic to animals. 
In mixed cultures with B. acidi lactici , M. prodigiosus , and Proteus 
vulgaris , the new microbe will grow in the presence of air and retain its 
virulence. Much smaller quantities of the mixed cultures than of the 
pure culture of B. maligni oedem. ii. are required for infecting animals. 
* Hyg. Rundschau, 1894, p. 721. See Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., 
xvi. (1894) pp. 746-7. 
t Technol. Quarterly, vi. No. 3. See Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xvi. 
(1894) p. 838. 
♦ Zeitschr. f. Hygiene u. Infektions., xvii. (1894) pp. 209-32 (2 pis.). 
