210 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
copper, salts of iron, lead, and mercury, concludes that certain metallic 
salts are endowed with antiseptic properties, but that the quantity of 
the antiseptic necessary to kill the yeast with certainty increases with 
the quantity of the yeast. With phenol the like result was not always 
observed. 
With the salts of copper, lead, iron, and mercury,* the antiseptic 
effect is due to the fixation of the metal by the yeast ; the quantity fixed 
varies for each metal, with the time of action, the strength of the solution, 
and the condition of the yeast. 
This fixation is due, in part at least, to the formation of an insoluble 
phosphate, the metal becoming intimately fixed in the cell-wall ; besides 
this certain organic substances of the cell may also be precipitated. 
Monilia Candida.* — Herren B. Fischer and C. Brebeck publish an 
exhaustive account of this fungus and its allies. They propose to abolish 
the generic names My coderma and Monilia , and to establish a new genus 
Endoblastoderma , characterized by a remarkable process of endogenous 
cell-formation, which they describe as follows: — Within the cell is 
formed a strongly refringent corpuscle which, in its growth, approaches 
the cell-wall, and finally escapes from the cell. This process may be 
repeated several times in the motlier-cell, the daughter-cells retaining a 
similar kind of connection with it to that which exists in budding, and 
multiplying either by a similar process of endogenous cell-formation or 
by budding. 
The new genus Endoblastoderma includes species without mycele 
which cannot cause alcoholic fermentation, and fermenting species with 
mycele. The former comprise E. amycoides , which has numerous forms, 
one of which is Mycoderma cerevisise, and E. liquefaciens, a marine 
species. The latter comprise E. glucomyces , which lias numerous forms, 
E. pulverulentum (M. cerevisise var. pulverulentum) and E. candidum 
(Monilia Candida). Saccharomyces albicans Beess the authors retain 
under Reess’s genus. 
A new marine organism is described under the name Blastoderma 
salmonicolor. It produces a salmon-coloured pellicle on the water, and 
is distinguished from Endoblastoderma by the absence of the endogenous 
cell-formation. 
Fructification of the Gastromycetes.f — Herr L. Rabinowitsch 
traces the development of the fructification of several species of Gastro- 
mycetes — Ly coper don depressum, Scleroderma Bovista, and others — 
especially in reference to the occurrence of a boundary line between 
the fertile and sterile portion of the glebe in one section of Lycoperdon, 
and the formation of the spores in Scleroderma. The author concludes 
that the genera Areolaria , Phlyctospora , and Pompholyx must be reunited 
to Scleroderma ; while the development of Sphserobolus corresponds more 
to that of Geaster. 
Structure and Development of Anthurus.J — Under the name Anthu- 
rus borealis , Mr. E. A. Burt describes a new species of this genus of 
* ‘Zur Morph., Biol., u. System, d. Kahmpilze,’ Jena, 1894, 52 pp. and 2 pis. 
See Bot. Centralbl., lx. (1894) p. 299. 
f Flora, lxxix. (1894) Erg'anzungsbd., pp. 385-418 (2 pis. and 1 fig.). Cf. this 
Journal, 1893, p. 367. 
t Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., iii. (1894) pp. 487-505 (2 pis.). 
