ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
559 
remain after the latter has dropped off, giving the fungus a perruque-like 
appearance. The apex is covered by a small torn pseudo-parenchymatous 
cap. 
Clathrus chrysomycelinus sp. n. permeates rotten wood with its golden 
yellow mycele. Didyophora phalloidea is distinguished from other 
Phalloidem by the possession of a reticulate veil, the growth of which 
is so rapid that it can be watched with the naked eye. 
The author does not regard the Clathrese and the Phallese as being 
nearly related ; the two are probably descended from the Hymeno- 
gastrese by two distinct lines of descent. Didyophora appears to mark 
the highest development of the Phalleae. 
Oidium albicans, a Pathogenic Fungus.* — MM. Charrin and Ostrow- 
sky describe a human subject in which this fungus appears as a 
pathogenic agent. A series of pathological processes are induced by 
it comparable to those due to bacteria, but presenting important 
differences. 
Trichophyton tonsurans Cultures.! — Herpes tonsurans cultures 
usually exhibit, says Herr Winternitz, the following characteristics. 
Aerial growth is often absent or is the consequence of special con- 
ditions. On the ordinary media there is only a scanty development of 
conids. An important property of the fungus consists in its penetrating 
into the medium, and in most substrata of forming all shades of colour 
from pale red to dark violet. The development of pigment is dependent 
on the access of air. The optimum temperature is 31°-33° ; at 18°-21° 
and at 37° the cultivation flasks are, especially on poor media, sterile, or 
show only an extremely slight development. When the medium is richer, 
and especially when containing pepton, the growth even at unfavourable 
temperatures is better than on poorer media at 37°. Inoculations on 
healthy skin were made from agar cultures. In the three cases infected 
Herpes tonsurans appeared on the eighth day. Two of these healed 
spontaneously at the end of the third week, while the third case, which 
attained a diameter of 5J cm., lasted about three months. 
Pathogenic Action of Blastomycetes.J — Some months ago Prof. F. 
Sanfelice made a preliminary communication relative to a pathogenic 
blastomycete which morphologically resembled the so-called coccidia of 
cancer. Pure cultivations of this species, when inoculated on guinea- 
pigs, were found to cause primary and secondary growths, and the results 
of inoculating a bitch and a cock, the former in the dugs, the latter in 
the comb, are now given. Four months after infection, the tumours were 
examined ; and in the case of the bitch there was a primary mammary 
growth with secondary deposits in lymphatic glands and elsewhere 
(intestines, kidney, spleen), sections of which presented appearances 
resembling the histological characters of carcinoma. In the cells lying 
in the peripheral portions of the growths, parasitic cell inclusions, 
pushing the nucleus of the tissue cell aside, were found. The infection 
of the cock’s comb caused a large growth to arise, and when examined 
* Comptes Rendus, cxx. (1895) pp. 1234-6. 
t Ber. IV. Kongress Deutscb. Dermat. Gesellscb., Breslau, 1894. See Centralbl. 
f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., l te Abt., xvii. (1895) pp. 904-5. 
X Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., l te Abt., xvii. (1895) pp. 625-34. 
