ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
73 
details (chiefly concerning sporangia, spores, indusium, etc.), discussion 
of nomenclature, descriptions of new forms, and addition of new 
localities. New forms are described for Botrychium lunaria, Asplenium 
fissum, Phegopteris dryopteris and Nephrodium montanum. The tribe 
Pteridese, containing the genera Gymnogramme , Notholvena . Allosurus, 
Adiantum , Gheilanthes . Pteris and Pteridium, deserves to be maintained 
as a proper tribe in the family Polypodiacese, by reason of its globular 
tetrahedral spores with 3-rayed “ keimspalte ” ; the tribe Polypodiem 
(represented in Austria by Polypodium only) is more closely allied by 
its reniform spores with linear “keimspalte” to the other tribes 
Aspleniese and Aspidiese. Phyllitis is to be maintained as a genus- 
name. Heufler’s sub-species nigrum , serpentini, and onopteris of Asple- 
nium ctdiantum-nigrum are, at the most, varieties. If Phegopteris, 
Aspidium , Nephrodium, Dryopteris , Lastrea, etc., be placed in one 
genus, it must bear the name Polystichum Roth. As regards the 
mid-European flora, the author divides Nephrodium Rich into two 
sections : (1) Lophodium Newm., with four species and two hybrids ; 
and (2) Hemestheum Newm., with two species. Four forms are recog- 
nized for Nephrodium spinulosum and N . Villarsii respectively. Gyst- 
opteris filix fragilis is divided into forms and sub-forms according to 
division and form of sporophyll pinnae and pinnules. A scheme for the 
classification of several forms of Gystopteris is suggested. Gystopteris 
regia Desv. has obtuse lobes at the apex of the pinnae and pinnules (it 
is a high Alpine race of G. filix fragilis). G. sudetica A. Br. is a good 
species. The most southerly station for Onoclea struthiopteris in the 
Eastern Alps is the Isonzothal. In Woodsia each upper cell of the 
articulated hairs of the indusium is to a certain extent set in the 
lower oue. E. S. Gepp. 
Bryophyta. 
Centrosomes in Fertilization Stages of Preissia quadrata (Scop.) 
Nees. — M. Graham (. Annals of Botany , 1918, 32, pp. 415-20). 
Centrosomes are present iu the nuclear division figures of many algae 
and fungi, but are absent in the higher plants. There is very little 
evidence as to whether they are present during the stages of fertiliza- 
tion in plants, though in animals it is fairly well established that, in 
many cases at least, the -centre which has been brought into the egg by 
tlie sperm divides in the formation of the cleavage spindle. In the 
Bryophytes and Pteridophytes, in a number of cases, the centre which 
becomes the blepharoplast is described as arising by division from a 
centre which has appeared at the poles of the karyokinetic figure in the 
last preceding division, or in several of the preceding nuclear divisions. 
No one has however followed the centre through the processes of 
fertilization in these groups. The author’s investigations show that 
in Preissia quadrata centrosomes as definite granular bodies are present 
not only in the divisions just preceding spermatogenesis, and, as 
blepharoplasts, during metamorphosis, but also in the fertilized egg at 
the time when the pronuclei are paired. Further observations are 
promised as to the behaviour of the centres during the earlier stages of 
the fusion of the antherozoid with the egg. A. Gepp. 
