296 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
schreibersiana var. marginata may be safely described as new. Two 
Miliolids, M. sulcifera (Roemer) and M. bicarinella (Reuss), have not 
been recorded since first described. The occurrence of Peneroplis 
carinatus d’Orbigny, recorded also from the Eocene of Selsey Bill, is 
noteworthy, as also is the fact that the only representative of Bulimina 
is B. fusiformis Williamson. The facies indicates shallow water and a 
temperate climate. J. A. T. 
Structure of Shell in Saccamina carteri. — W. J. Sollas {Quart. 
Journ. Geol. Soc., 1921, 193-212, 1 pi.). Description of the intimate 
structure of this remarkable Foraminifer, which contributes largely to 
the formation of some of our Carboniferous Limestone beds. The 
mosaic structure of its wall may be regarded with great probability as 
being original, but there is much to suggest that the fossil was not an 
arenaceous form. Its alliance is possibly with the Calcareous Imperforata, 
and its name (to avoid identification with a living genus) should be 
changed to Saccaminopsis. J. A. T. 
Foraminifera of Hartwell Clay. — E. Neaverson {Geol. Mag., 
1921, 58, 454-73, 1 pi.). Thirty-six species, nineteen still living, are 
recorded from Hartwell Clay and associated Bononian beds. The . 
assemblage is characterized by the abundance of rotulate Cristellarians 
of Lower Cretaceous type and of Gristellaria fragraria ; the common 
occurrence of Vaginulina harpa, a Jurassic type ; and the rarity of 
arenaceous and the absence of porcellanous forms. J. A. T. 
Relation between Growth and Nuclear Division in Opalina. — 
R. W. IIegner and Hsiang-Fong Wu {Amer. Naturalist , 1921, 55, 
335-46). A high correlation exists between nuclear number and 
cytoplasmic mass (as indicated by area) during the growth of the species 
of Opalina studied. By comparing the area of various stages with the 
number, size, state of division, volume and surface of the nuclei the 
following conclusions were reached : — (1) Nuclear division is stimulated 
by an increase of cytoplasm that may be determined approximately. 
(2) As the organisms increase in age the nuclei decrease in volume and 
surface. This is accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the area 
per nucleus, indicating that the nucleo-cytoplasmic relation is maintained. 
(3) Nuclear division is not synchronous because one nucleus is usually 
stimulated to divide before the others, and this division is sufficient for 
the time to re-establish the normal relation between nuclei and cyto- 
plasm. J. A. T. 
Treponema in Cells of Cerebral Cortex. — Y. Manouelian {Cornptes 
Rendus Acad. Sci., 1922, 174, 1134-6). In general paralysis the 
Treponema organisms penetrate into the cytoplasm of the nerve-cells of 
the cortex, especially into those of the second and third layer. It seems 
that the Treponema reaches the pia mater and traverses it, passes by the 
depressions of this membrane into the perivascular ensheathment of the 
cortex, traverses the lymphatic space, attacks the nervous tissue, causes 
lesions. Thus ensue syphilitic meningitis, lymphangitis, and encepha- 
litis. But some Treponemas enter the cytoplasm, and are protected 
there from drugs. After exhausting the cytoplasm of a nerve cell the 
Treponema emerges and attacks another. J. A. T. 
