ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
327 
Two Important Pine Cone Rusts and their New Cronartial 
Stages. — G. G. Hedgcock and Glenn Gardiner (Phytopathology, 
1922, 12 , 109-22, 2 pis.). The rust designated Gseoma strobiliua on 
cones of Pinus palustris has been known for some time. The authors 
of this paper have satisfactorily proved the further stage as a Cronartium 
wintering on evergreen oaks. The account of inoculation experiments 
is given, and a record of the localities and hosts where the Cseoma 
and Cronartium have been collected. Another relationship determined 
is that of Cseoma conigenum , the Cronartium stage of which also develops 
on species of Quercus. A. L. S. 
New Species of the Genus Urocystis. — Francois Bubak (Pol. 
Real. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Madrid , 1922, 22, 205-7, 2 figs.). This new 
member of the Ustilaginem was discovered on the grass Lolium perenne , 
in the neighbourhood of Toledo. It resembles Urocystis occulta in that 
it attacks the stalks, sheaths, leaves and heads, but it differs in the form 
and size of the spore balls. The author also points out the distinction 
between the new species Urocystis Bolivari and U. Agropyri ; the spores 
of t :e latter are lighter in colour and smaller in size. A. L. S. 
Data for the Mycological Flora of Cataluna. — Benito Fernandez 
Riofrio (Bot. Real. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., 1922, 22, 200-4). The writer 
refers to the work done by Gonzalez Fragoso and Caballero on the 
mycology of the Province, and adds his contribution : a first list of 
fungi already recorded followed by species new to the locality. Practi- 
cally all the species are microfungi parasitic on the higher plants. 
A. L. S. 
Overwintering and Dispersion of Cereal Rusts in Subtropical 
Climates. — Gustav Gassner ( Zeitschr . Pflanzenkr., 1916, 26, 329-74). 
The author gives a summary of the paper, which includes a discussion of 
experiments and of literature. In subtropical South America the cereal 
rusts are Puccinia triticina , P. coronifera, P. graminis and P. maydis , 
which appear regularly every year, but differ in their overwintering. 
P. triticina and P. coronifera persist by uredospores. This is not possible 
for P. maydis , as the maize plant is not present during the winter. 
Uredo persistence could not be proved for P. graminis either. The 
cereal plants are there, but they are not in an infectable condition. It 
is just possible, however, that the rust may persist on certain plants by 
means of the uredospores. No overwintering by mycelium could be 
proved for P. graminis. Overwintering by teleutospores could not be 
proved for any of the rusts, nor by means of seed. It is surmised that 
P. graminis and P. maydis pass the winter in other climates and the 
spores are transported by air currents. A long bibliography is 
appended. A. L. S. 
Dark-spored Agarics. I. Drosophila, Hypholoma and Pilosace. — 
W. A. Murrill ( Mycologia , 1922, 14, 61-76). The present publication 
is a continuation of previous papers on the same group of Agarics. 
Drosophila , known in Europe as Hypholoma, is represented by eleven 
species, six of which are European as well as American ; the others are 
evidently endemic in America. The genus is distinguished from 
