DISCOVERIES AT A VILLAGE OF THE STONE AGE. 
19 
of this village site, but they were as imperfectly made as they 
were numerous, and none were met with that possessed the 
artistic finish of the agate scrapers found on the shores and 
tributaries of the St. John River. 
Though thus lacking in elegance, the scrapers found at 
Phil’s Beach, Bocabec, present a variety of forms, and were 
no doubt intended for various uses. Beside the ordinary 
scraper, which in form may be compared to a gun-flint with 
rounded corners, and which was used for dressing skins, there 
were several kinds that were probably used as carpenters’ 
tools. Some of these had chisel-shaped extremities, and, 
secured in a handle of bone or horn, would have made very 
serviceable little chisels. Other gouge-pointed forms would 
have been useful implements for scraping the insides of hol- 
low bones, such as are found shaped into needles, bodkins, 
etc. In others the outline of the scraping edge was concave; 
these would have been suitable for scraping the wooden shafts 
of arrows or any other rounded surface of wood or bone. It 
was in hut bottom C that the greatest variety of these imple- 
ments was found. 
As hut bottom A was characterized by the variety and 
perfection of its stone weapons, so hut bottom 0, by the 
presence of numerous scrapers, gave evidence of the operations 
of the artificer in wood. Quartz, being a harder stone than 
petrosilex or felsite, was the favorite material for scraping 
tools ; but many of the scrapers made of this rock were 
merely rough flakes, to which a fresh edge was given by 
flaking minute chips from the margin, and the tool thus 
restored was used again. This habit of the men of Bocabec 
reminds us of the manner in which window glass is now 
used by cabinet makers for similar purposes, a fresh edge 
being obtained by breaking the glass, when the old one has 
become dulled by use. 
By far the greatest number of scrapers were made of 
quartz; but beside those made of petrosilex (and these were 
numerous), there were a few of agate, jasper and chalcedony. 
No veins of agate or chalcedony are known to occur near 
the Bocabec River, but these minerals could have been pro- 
