NATURAL HISTORY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 421 
of the weather. Comparative graphs showing the relation 
between the temperatures of springs and the cotemporaneous 
weather conditions, carried throughout an entire year, would 
certainly yield information of the highest scientific interest. 
125. — On the Physiographic Characteristics of the 
Gaspereau (Sunbury-Queens) River. 
Read in Abstract, June 4, 1912. 
One of the least known, though most accessible, of the minor 
rivers of New Brunswick is the Gaspereau, the principal branch 
of Salmon River in Queens County. For many a year I had 
gazed longingly upon its somewhat conventionalized representa- 
tion upon our maps, with a great desire to make its personal 
acquaintance, but it was not until the summer of 1910 that I 
was able actually to examine it. In that year I descended its 
lower course, below Portage Island, on foot and by team, while 
in 1911 I followed almost its entire length, theoretically by canoe 
but practically almost wholly on foot, making observations 
and running surveys which are incorporated on the accompanying 
map and in the following notes.* 
First, we note the development of our knowledge of the 
river. It first appears, without name, in connection with the 
representation of the important portage to Cains River, on the 
*1 was accompanied on both trips by Mr. William Laskey of Fredericton. On the first we 
crossed on foot, with our camp outfit on our backs, from Cains River, in connection with our 
study of the old Indian portage, as noted in Bulletin XXVIII, 201. On the second we were 
portaged by team with our canoe from Chipman through to Yankee Brows, just below Briggs 
Brook, though probably a canoe could be brought all the way from Smith and Day Spring, 
where another portage road crosses the river. Our canoe was specially prepared, by shoe 
runners, for shallow water, of which we found plenty below Flewelling Brook, though above, 
that point the canoeing was pleasant. 
My survey was made from the mouth of Briggs Brook to the mouth of the river, the angles-, 
being taken by compass and the distances estimated. Later I checked up my results with all 
other available material, especially the plans of the Crown Land Office, and thus constructed 
. the accompanying map. 
In the preparation of both notes and map, I have had much cheerful and highly, valued aid 
from Mr. P. H. Welch, so often mentioned in these notes, and from Mr. Martin Farraher, of 
Dohertys Corner, Sunbury County, the chief guide to the upper waters of the river, to both 
of whom I wish to express my obligations and thanks. 
