426 BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
Although the part of the Gaspereau which is now cutting 
into the high country seems very new, it represents, I believe, 
simply an instance of rejuvenation, that is, in which the river 
is cutting into a rising country below a wide open meandering 
course it had before the land thus started to rise. From the 
higher ridges along the course of the river, indeed, I believe I 
have seen this more ancient shallow valley. And the fact that 
these rivers have the most pitch and are shoalest in the hilliest 
parts, is evidence that these anticlinal ridges are now in course 
of elevation. 
Tracing back the Gaspereau in the other direction, it seems 
possible, as already noted in the description of Cains River 
(Note 118), that it had a former connection with the present 
upper part of that river, through which, it is possible, it once 
headed across the Nashwaak in the Tay, in parallelism with 
the head of Cains River in the upper Nashwaak itself. But 
another alignment of the Gaspereau is also traceable through 
Little River, and the notable east and west part thereof, clear 
to the Penniac, and even beyond along the Heron Lake valley 
to the St. John, though whether this represents anything more 
than coincidence, it must remain for future researches to decide. 
Below Meadow Brook the river turns southward, but other- 
wise keeps much the same character for a long distance. In 
this part of its course, it has cut at least one hundred feet into 
a plateau, and winds greatly, now against sandstone cliffs, now 
against stony beaches, always with much fall and constant rips 
and small rapids. Precisely as above, the semicircular lines 
of vertical cliffs are often faced on the opposite side not by low 
points, but by sloping stony ridges, down which the river is 
evidently sliding, so to speak, as it undercuts the opposite cliffs. 
And so it continues, a rather wild and striking river, but growing 
ever larger, and developing downward in places some terraces 
and intervales, as far as Bear Brook. Then the country begins 
to open out somewhat, and finally at the bridge at upper Gas- 
pereau it opens out very markedly and falls off rapidly south- 
ward, while the river flows more and more quietly through 
extensive and well farmed intervales down to its union with 
Salmon River. 
