436 BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
condensing towards the larger centers.* Above the portage 
the river is wholly unsettled, and given over to the lumberman 
and game, with which its sources abound. Moose and beaver, 
and the smaller animals are abundant. A good many salmon 
still ascend the river, explaining its name, running to spawn 
up the Little Forks, while shad, trout, gaspereau, pickerel, 
and other fish characteristic of this region are found in its waters, 
while even togue, usually a denizen of deep lakes, are locally 
claimed to occur in the river. 
Salmon River, as the geological maps well show, lies wholly 
within the great Carboniferous basin of New Brunswick; and 
hence nothing is to be anticipated from its geology except the 
*Noting, farther, the literature of the river, we find the following in addition to the refer- 
ences in the Geological Reports, which may be traced very readily through the fine Index 
volumes. Some of its branches receive early mention in Cockburn’s Emigration Report, in a 
British Blue book of 1828, (page 91), while others, notably branches of Lake Stream, are 
described, with some interesting matter about the river and its settlers, by Sir James Alexander 
in his account of his exploration in 1844 for a military road along the course of the Queens' 
Kent County line, ( L'Acadie , II, 152-172). There also exist certain letters written by Gesner 
and his friend Moses H. Perley, describing the trip they made up this river. They were pub- 
lished in 1837 in the New Brunswick Courier, and are of such very great interest in themselves, 
as well as in their exhibition of the genial characters of these two men, that I hope to reprint 
them later in another connection. Another reference to this trip is contained in a book pub- 
lished by a companion of theirs, — Levinge’s Echoes from the Backwoods, I, 169. It was this 
trip which Moses Perley made the basis for some very highly fanciful articles upon New Bruns- 
wick woods life and Indian mythology which he published in the London Sporting Review, and 
which I have had opportunity to read through the kindness of my friend Mr. D. Russell Jack. 
The history of the settlement of the river is outlined in the Transactions of the Royal Society 
of Canada, X, 1904, ii, 123. 
We may here note also the place nomenclature of the river and its principal branches, 
excepting the Gaspereau which was considered in the preceding Note. Most of its nomen- 
clature is very obviously of the simplest descriptive sort, the personal names being those of 
early lumber operators. The exceptions are the following. Cook, (now practically obsolete), 
is pure Maliseet Indian, meaning ‘‘Pine place,” that is ‘‘Pine tree brook.” It is, by the way 
called Indian Portage Brook on a plan by Colling, for a reason mentioned in the supplement 
to this note. Naleguagus, is obviously Indian, and probably identical with N arraguagus in 
Maine, though whether belonging aboriginally to this place, or a letter importation by some 
American resident, I do not know, but probably the former is true. A genuine importation 
of this character is Alagash, which Mr. Welch informs me was given in his own personal know- 
ledge by lumbermen in recollection or suggestion of that river in Maine. The word Forks 
applied to streams, is reminiscent of the French, who have that usage, and it was probably 
adopted from them; for of course the first English voyagers on this river had the company 
of the Acadians, who must have used it incessantly in their travels from the Saint John to the 
North Shore. The name Castaway was applied originally to the Island, a low bar on which 
rafts, etc., were often caught or cast away. On some older maps the names Tyne and Tay 
occur for Lake Stream and Little Forks respectively; they are were probably given by the 
Surveyor Layton, but never came into use. Blacks Brook occurs on some maps for Little 
Forks, doubtless for Hon. William Black, who had a large grant on this stream. 
