50 ^Bulletin of the j-^atural liistorv Society. 
jection, Avhicli is without function in the adult, but represents the rem- 
nant of the umbilical stalk by which the young are attached to the 
mother. 
The marginal plates consist of two scries, an upper and a lower. Each 
of the former is armed with a short, fattened spine, which points up- 
wards. In the lower series, each plate is united with a corresponding 
one of the upper series, the line of junction being just above the row of 
flattened spines seen below the upper marginal row above described. 
Between each pair is a deep furrow which is continued on until it meets 
the ambulacra! furrow, thus dividing up the undersurface of the animal 
into bands which are seen to be covered with iri'egular scale-like plates. 
The ends of these bands, where they meet the ambulacral furrows, are 
formed by plates which bear each live or six short spines, the largest of 
which, about three in number, stand immediately on the margin of the 
ambulacral furrow, with the others behind them. The mouth plates 
are ovoid masses, bearing each nine mouth papillae and three to five 
nearly as large spines. 
That this Starfish is low structurallj^ is shown by the fact that it, 
when adult, presents features which occur in the embryonic condition 
of other forms. The pentagonal form, pointed and suckerless tube-feet, 
and structure of the spines are all of this nature. 
In color it is dull, being usually of a light brownish or drab color, 
sometimes varying to dull brownish-red. The specimens taken in our 
waters seem to be of a dull greyish-brown. It .seems to inhabit mud 
bottoms almost exclusively, and prefers considerable depths. Nothing 
further is known of its habits. Its development is direct, the young 
being attached by an umbilical stalk to the mother. 
18. Pteraster militarise (0, F. Muller), Muller aiul Tros* 
CHEL. [See Figs. 12 and 12 yz]. 
Description. (U) p. 40. 
Figure. (U) pi. III. 
Distribution, {a) General ; — Twenty to one hundred and 
fifty fathoms. Bay of Fnndy, northward to Smith Sound. 
Spitzbergen, Finmark, Norway. 
(b) In N. B. 'Waters ; — Hake Bay, Grand Manan, thirty-five 
fathoms, shelly bottom, three specimens, Stimpson, (D). 
Eastport Harbor, west of Treat’s Island, ten to fifteen fath- 
oms; between Kazor Island and Lubec, eight to ten fathoms, 
Verrill, (N). Orphan Bank, somewhat plentiful, and deeper 
parts of Gulf of St. Lawrence, Whiteaves, (P). 
