(Bulletin of the Jhatural History Society. 6T 
Crikoids. The Crinoids may be simply dried in the sun 
or by artificial heat, but being fragile are best preserved in 
alcohol. One can well afford the alcohol for a Orinoid. 
Ophiurans. So abundant are the hard parts in this 
I group that if the internal anatomy be not needed, they may 
* simply be dried, preferably by artificial heat. Better results 
are obtained by the method described below for Starfishes. 
Starfishes. Some Starfishes will keep their shape when 
simply dried in the sun, but most of them will expel water 
and collapse under this treatment. But if their tissues be 
hardened before the drying this will not ha^ipen. This can 
best be done by taking them very quickly from a glass vessel 
of water in which they are alive and expanded, and plunging 
them suddenly into a vessel containing enough alcohol of any 
grade beween forty and sixty per cent to cover them. In 
this they should be allowed to remain about half an hour, 
when they should be taken out and dried by artificial heat. 
This may be best done by placing them some distance above 
a stove upon a piece of cloth supported by a w'ooden frame. 
In this way the form and, to a great extent the color, of Star- 
fishes may be beautifully preserved. Of course the alcohol 
can be used for this purpose over and over again. There can 
be substituted for the use of the alcohol in this method, fresh 
water heated nearly to boiling, in which the specimens are to 
be plunged for a few seconds only and then dried as above 
directed. 
Sea-Urchins. These may be treated as recommended for 
Starfishes, particularly when it is wished to retain the spines. 
If simply the shell is wanted, the animal should be boiled for 
a few minutes in a weak solution of caustic potash, when all 
animal matter can be easily washed away. 
Holoth URIAHS. These can be well preserved only in 
alcohol. 
