ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
39 
eight of which are new ; it has been found necessary to establish two 
new genera which are called Glyphidrilus ( G . weberi sp. n.) and Amodri- 
lus (A. quadrangulus sp. n.), both of which belong to the Geoscolecidae. 
Species of Acanthodrilidas, all belonging to the genus Benhamia , are 
now for the first time described from the Indo-Malayan region. The 
presence of Desmogaster in Sumatra is a new point of agreement between 
the earthworm-fauna of the Indian continent and that of the Malay 
Archipelago. 
A number of anatomical details are given, and there are critical 
notes on the work of cotemporaneous observers; with regard to the 
theory that the caudal zone of Protoscolex is a zone of growth, Dr. 
Horst thinks that there is not sufficient ground for accepting it. The 
largest specimen of Perichseta musica collected measured 440 mm. in 
length. Six species of Perionyx are enumerated and a key is given by 
which they may be distinguished. 
British Tree- and Earth-Worms.* — The Rev. H. Friend remarks that 
no attention has been given in this country to the study of tree-worms, 
whose chief service consists in reducing useless timber to vegetable mould. 
Thanks, however, to the works of Eisen, Rosa, and Levinsen, he has been 
able to determine all the tree-worms which have as yet been detected in 
this country. He has found Allolobophora ( Dendrobsena ) celtica Rosa, 
A. ( D .) Boeckii Eisen, A. (D.) subrubicunda F. ; this last is known to 
anglers as the Cockspur or Gilt-tail ; A. ( D .) constricta R., A. (D.) 
arborea E., and A. (D.) Eiseni Levinsen. A tabular view is given of 
these six species. The author next describes a new British species of 
Lumbricus , which he calls L. rubescens ,f which has been found in York- 
shire, Middlesex, Sussex, and elsewhere. A. revision follows of the 
genus Lumbricus , of which four species are recognized, — L. terrestris L., 
Ij. rubescens F., L. rubellus Hoffm., and L. purpureus Eisen ; a revised 
synonymy and a tabular view of the species is given. 
New English Genus of Aquatic Oligochseta.J — Dr. W. B. Benham 
has discovered at Goring-on-Thames a new form of aquatic Oligochsete, 
which he calls SparganopJiilus ( S . tamesis ) and which belongs to his 
family Rhinodrilidae. All the specimens were found among the roots 
and the lower parts of the leaves of the bur -reed ( Sparganium ramosum ) ; 
it seems probable that, like Criodrilus, the new worm spends the greater 
part of the year at the bottom and only comes to the banks during 
August and September for the purposes of reproduction. S. tamesis is a 
delicate, pinkish worm, three to four inches long ; the surface of the 
body exhibits a lovely violet to peacock-blue iridescence ; at the anterior 
end the pink tint deepens, owing to the large hearts -which are found 
there. The worm is very strong and active, and feels wiry and firm, 
almost like a Nematode. 
The author gives a detailed account of the anatomy, and points out 
that Sparganophilus is a Rhinodrilid which, having become aquatic in 
habit, has undergone certain modifications, which give it at first sight a 
resemblance to Criodrilus , an aquatic Lumbricid. It has lost its gizzard ; 
* Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., xxiv. (1892) pp. 292-315 (1 pi.). See also Nature, 
xlvi. (1892) pp. 621-3, where no complete reference to the J. Linn. Soc. is given. 
t Mr. C. H. Hurst, Nature, xlvii. p. 31, thinks this is Lumbricus festivus 
Savigny. J Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xxxiv. (1892) pp. 155-79 (2 pis.). 
