74 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
zoosporaB (non visas) per ostiola expulsae ; sporangia perdurantia ? The 
only species, M. Saccardise , is parasitic on Saccardia Durantae , itself a 
parasitic fungus from Ecuador. 
Mycele of Peronospora.* * * § — Dr. P. Voglino Las determined by ex- 
periment that the mycele of the Peronospora of the vine may pass from 
the autumn leaves into those of the young buds, where it remains with- 
out further development through the winter, and may spread, in the 
next spring, to the leaves and inflorescence. 
Fungus-parasites on Mushrooms.f — According to MM. J. Costantin 
and L. Dufour, mushroom-beds are liable to two diseases caused by the 
attacks of parasitic fungi, and known as “ mole ” and “ chancre.” The 
former causes sponginess of the tissues, and is produced by a Mycogone 
allied to M. cervina , which is the chlamydosporous form of a Hypomyces 
(Ascomycetes). It has also a sclerodermic form. The fungus which 
causes chancre presents the appearance of a Verticillium , but is simply 
the conidiferous form of the same or of a closely allied species. Instruc- 
tions are given for obviating or curing the diseases. 
M. J. Costantin J further describes three other parasitic diseases 
which attack mushroom-spawn, known as “ vert de gris,” “ platre,” and 
“ chanci.” The first and second of these are produced by fungi belong- 
ing to the Mucedineae, both types of new genera ; that which causes 
“ vert de gris ” he describes under the name Mycelioplithora lutea , the 
fungus which produces “ platre ” is named Verticilliopsis infestans. The 
fungus to which “chanci” is due has a peculiar odour, but its organs of 
reproduction have not been observed. The spread of these parasites is 
greatly assisted by certain insects which infest the mushroom-beds, 
especially Sciara ingenua. 
Commenting on these communications, M. E. Prillieux § states that 
the disease known as “molle” or “mole ” is due to the parasitism of a 
fungus which often produces at the same time fructifications of two 
different kinds, characteristic of the genera Mycogone and Verticillium ; 
the Mycogone bears a very close resemblance to ill", rosea. 
Fungus-parasites of Apples and Pears. ||— Dr. P. A. Dangeard de- 
scribes in detail the various diseases to which apple and pear trees are 
liable. The following are due to the attacks of parasitic fungi : — (1) 
Diseases of the stem and branches : — “ le chancre cancereux ” is always 
found to be accompanied by Nectria ditissima, which is doubtless the 
cause of tbe disease ; “ le chancre noduleux ” is caused by the attacks of 
a louse, Schizoneura lanigera var. Pyri , accompanied by the Cladosporium 
form of a pyrenomycetous fungus, Cucurbitaria elongata or Biplodia 
mamillana ; ordinary cancer is produced by Fusicladium pyrinum ; dry-rot 
of the wood by Polyporus sulphureus, or less often by PtycJiogaster auran- 
tiacus or Hydnum Schiedermayri. (2) Diseases of the leaves : — “ fuma- 
gine ” of the leaves is caused by Fusicladium dendriticum ; rust by 
* Giorn. coltivatore di Casalmonferrato, 1892, 7 pp. and 5 figs, 
t Comptes Rendus, cxiv. (1892) pp. 498-501; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxxix. 
(1892) pp. 143-6, 148-9; and Rev. Gen. de Bot. (Bonnier ) iv. (1892) pp. 401-6, 
463-72, 549-57 (4 pis.). J Comptes Rendus, cxiv. (1892) pp. 849-51. 
§ Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxxix. (1892) pp. 146-8 (1 fig.). 
j| Le Botaniste (Dangeard), iii. (1892) pp. 33-116 (10 pis. and 3 figs.). 
