192 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
which is Anhylostoma duodenalis ; the presence of this worm justifies 
the author’s views as to the wide distribution of this parasite in all hot 
countries ; as yet the disease has been found only among the Portuguese 
residents. In domestic animals Distomum hepaticum is very common, 
and Echinococci have been observed. Echinorhynchus campanulatus and 
Cysticercus Tsenise crassicollis have been found in Rats and Mice. 
Microcotyle.* * * § — Sigg. C. Parona and A. Perugia have made a mono- 
graph of this genus. They give a general account of the structure, a 
list of the fishes on which various species are parasitic, and a description 
of eleven species, of which they have discovered four, M. Salpse being 
now for the first time described. 
New Species of Distomum.f — Sig. P. Sonsino describes from Zamenis 
viridiflavus Lacep. two new species of Distomum , which he calls D sub- 
flavum and D. Baraldii. Numerous cysts, perhaps associated with 
D. Baraldii , were also found. 
5. Incertae Sedis. 
Balanoglossus and Tornaria of New England.:};— Mr. T. H. Morgan 
was led in 1891 to the conclusion that Balanoglossus Kowalevslcii had a 
direct development ; hut he was not certain that the species obtained at 
Wood’s Holl and so named was the same as the similarly named species 
found at Newport. He has now been able to satisfy himself that the 
forms are identical. It still remains unknown whether Balanoglossus is 
the parent of the New England larval form which is called Tornaria . 
Notes on Myzostoma.§ — M. H. Prouho, in drawing attention to some 
points in the structure of Myzostomum pulvinar and M. alatum , which 
are parasitic on Antedon phalangium , points out that there are three, if 
not four, types of organization in the Mediterranean species of this genus. 
M. cirriferum is hermaphrodite, M. alatum hermaphrodite and protan- 
drous. M. glabrum has perhaps a complementary male in addition to 
being hermaphrodite, while M. pulvinar is dioecious, but the male is a 
pigmy. 
Two new Species of Rotifers. ||— Mr. J. A. Jagerskiold has a pre- 
liminary notice of two new Rotifers which he places in Bergendal’s 
lately described genus Gastroschiza ; one is called G. foveolata, and the 
other G. flexilis ; both were found some miles from Stockholm. The 
latter will, perhaps, have to form the type of a new genus, as its resem- 
blance to Gastroschiza may be merely superficial. 
Echinoderma. 
Yolk-membrane in Echinoderm Ova.H — Herr C. Herbst has shown 
that the production of a membrane around unfertilized Echinoderm ova 
can be brought about not only by chloroform- water, as the Hertwigs 
showed, but also by clove oil, creosote, xylol, toluol, and benzol. The 
* Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, xxx. (1890-92) pp. 173-220 (3 pis.). 
t Atti Soc Tosc. Sci. Nat., viii. (1892) pp. 91-5. 
X Zool. Anzeig, xv. (18 2) pp. 456 and 7. 
§ Comples Rendus, cxv. (1892) pp. 846-9. 
|| Zool Anzeig., xv. (1892) pp. 447-9 (2 figs.). 
Biol. Centralbl., xiii. (1893) pp. 14-22. 
