ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
enterocoele (true coelom) and pseudocode are present ; the former con- 
sists of the dorsal sac, green-gland and shell-gland, or the end-sacs of 
these organs, together with the genital organs and their ducts ; the 
pscudocoele consists of the heart and arteries, the pericardial cavity, the 
central cavity of the thorax, with the lateral cavities and the cavities of 
the limbs, and the various sinuses of the abdomen ; as the pseudocoele is 
filled with blood it can be termed a haemocoele. 
Pelagic Copepoda of Naples.* — Dr. W. Giesbrecht, in this elaborate 
and most beautifully illustrated monograph, deals with the systematic 
and faunistic relations of the Pelagic Copepoda of the Gulf of Naples 
and adjoining sea.” Limited as is the scope of the work it is the result 
of ten years’ labour, part of which has been devoted to the study of 
Copepods from other parts of the world, so that the terms of the title, 
“ der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte,” are hardly correct. The Cope- 
poda are divided into two sub-orders : — 
I. Gymnoplea . . Tribe i. Amphaskandria for the family Calanidae. 
„ ii. Heterarthrandria for the families Centro- 
pagidse, Candacidm, and Pontellidse. 
II. Podoplea . . Tribe i. Ainpharthrandria for the Mormonillidas, 
C\ clopidm, Harpactidae, and Monstril- 
lidae. 
„ ii. Isokerandria for the Oncaidae and the 
Corycaidae. 
More than 700 pp. are devoted to the description of the species, with 
their synonymy, localities, and analytical keys. 
The second part of the work is faunistic. The ocean, as judged by 
its pelagic Copepod-fauna, is divisible into three primary areas : — a 
warm, a north-cold, and a south-cold ; all three have a number of 
peculiar species, but the proportion (85 per cent, of all species) is 
much larger for the warm area than for the north (5f per cent.) or 
the south (If per cent.). Pelagic Copepods may live as deeply as 
4000 metres and it appears as if the limits between the three faunal 
areas hold not only for the surface fauna, but also for the species that 
live in the deep. It is doubtful whether there are any pelagic Cope- 
pods which live exclusively at great depths. The distribution of other 
holopelagic animals appears, on the whole, to agree with that of Cope- 
pods. It may be supposed that the daily migrations of pelagic animals 
are under the influence of light, and their annual migrations under 
that of temperature ; but besides these periodic movements numerous 
pelagic species exhibit yet another which may be called ontogenetic 
migration. 
This is another of the magnificent monographs which will add to the 
already great reputation of the publications of the Zoological Station at 
Naples. 
Lateral Eye of Pleuromma. t - Dr. J. Richard has found the three 
known species of this Copepod in the collections made by the ‘ Hiron- 
delle.’ In the female of P. abdominale the lateral eye is more often on 
* ‘Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, &c. XIX. Pelagische Copepoden,’ 
4to, 1892, 831 pp. and atlas of 54 pis. f Zool. Auzeig , xv. (1892) pp. 400-2'. 
