480 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
ventral paired secondary nerves, which, by the whole of their structure, 
show a primitive similarity to the primary trunks. The nervous system 
consists, therefore, of six longitudinal nerves, which stand at pretty 
regular distances, and are connected with one another by circular com- 
missures ; this arrangement agrees completely with the Trematode type. 
In other Cestodes the secondary nerves have more or less disappeared, 
though remnants of the same are generally found in the head and neck. 
By Trisenophorus nodulosus the excretory system of Caryophylleeus is 
linked on to that of other Cestodes. 
A point of structure apparently quite peculiar to our worm is the 
presence in the median layer of three or four longitudinal cords formed 
of fibrous cells. These are not found in other Cestodes, unless, indeed, 
they are represented by the layer of spindle- cells described by Leuckart 
in Tsenia saginata. 
With regard to its generative apparatus C. mutabilis appears to 
represent a primitive stage, and to be nearest to the Bofchriocephalidae. 
The male and female apparatus lie behind one another, while the yolk- 
glands are in the median layer. In the Botliriocephalidse the male and 
female generative apparatus lie one above the other, and the yolk-glands 
are in the cortical layer ; this appears, however, to be a secondary con- 
dition due to the necessities of space and packing. Further, in C. muta- 
bilis , the uterus opens together with the vagina, and this appears to be a 
unique arrangement amongst Cestodes ; it may, nevertheless, be con- 
sidered to be a starting point, for if the uterus separate from the vagina 
and open separately we have the type of the Bothriocephalidae, while 
in the Taeniidse the terminal portion of the uterus is degenerated, and 
the true uterus ends blindly. 
We may conclude, then, that in three points — its unsegmented body, 
its nervous system, and the structure of its generative apparatus — 
Caryojphylleeus occupies a primitive position. 
Helminthological Notes.* — Dr. M. Stossich has notes on species of 
Ascaris and Heterakis, Dispharagus laticeps, species of Filar ia, Spiropterina 
dacnodes, Agamonema Ranzanise Stossich, Physaloptera clausa , Oxysoma 
brevicaudatum , species of Echinorhynchus , species of Tsenia, Phyllobothrium 
laciuca , Bothriocephalus Wageneri, Holostomum variabile , and Distomum 
italicum Stossich. 
Stossich also gives f a revision of the genus Angiostomum Dujardin, 
recognizing five species which live in the lungs of birds, reptiles, and 
amphibians. 
5. Incertse Sedis. 
Irish Rotifers.:}: — Miss L. S. Glascott gives a list of some of the 
Rotifera of Ireland. As the research extended over only six months 
and a number of rare and new species were obtained, it seems j>robable 
that this group is well represented in that island. In describing her 
captures Miss Glascott very properly follows the order of Dr. Hudson 
and Mr. Gosse’s book. The following list gives the names of the new 
species: — Rotifer phaleratus (“probably only a variety of R. vulgaris”). 
Microcodon (?) robustus, Notops (?) quadrangularis , Notommata volitans , 
* Boll. Soc, Adriat. Sci. Nat., xiv. (1893) pp. 83-9. f Tom. cit , pp. 90 G. 
X Sci. Proc. Royal Dublin Soc., viii. (18'j3) pp. 29-86 (7 pis.). 
