670 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
growth has a white, powdery look, and attains its majority in about two 
weeks. Inoculation experiments made on man and animals were 
attended with positive results. 
Observation of cultures from a single spore stowed that this first 
produced a mycelium, in which spores might be observed. The mycele 
network goes on increasing, and about the sixth day masses of spores 
arranged like bunches of grapes are observable. The peculiarities 
common to Trichophyta in general are the spirals, the result of a 
mycele filament turning on itself, like a spiral spring on a vine tendril. 
The spindle, the third characteristic, is about 1/20 mm. long, and 
about 15 /x broad, and is divided up into compartments by transverse 
septa. 
Two Red Mycodermata.* — Herr A. Lasche found on hop-leaves two 
interesting yeast fungi, which belong to the Mycodermata, because they 
very quickly form a mouldy scum, and they are not able to produce 
spores in their interior. He lays it down therefore that My coderma is a 
kind of yeast which can form a scum, but no membrane, a definition 
hitherto unknown. 
(1) Mycoderma humuli. Cells oval, sausage-shaped, often very 
irregular. The cells sprout in the following way. From the side of the 
cell the development of a my cel-filament begins. When this has attained 
a certain length sprouts begin to form. The sprouts may appear either 
at the side or the ends of the filament, and from one cell several mycel- 
filaments may develope. 
On wort-gelatin the colonies of M. humuli showed short processes 
from the margins. Gelatin is liquefied in proportions of 10, 15, 20, 
and 40 per cent., and the degree of concentration exerted no influence on 
tbe rapidity of development. Saccharose, maltose, and dextrose were 
not fermented. In fermented beer this species will not develope, but 
will in beer-wort. It therefore differs from M. cerevisise and M. vini to 
which beer and wort are equally acceptable. No examination was made 
to ascertain if JIT. humuli possessed pathogenic properties. 
(2) Mycoderma rubrum. This species occurred as an accidental im- 
purity on gelatin plates, and therefore came from the air. Formation 
of a promycelium was rare. Its behaviour on gelatin was similar to that 
of M. humuli : neither dextrose, saccharose, nor maltose was fermented. 
The principal differences are that M. humuli frequently forms a pro- 
mycelium. Its cells have a diameter of 1*0 — 2*5 /x. M. rubrum rarely 
forms a promycelium and its cells measure from 1 * 5-3 /x . Both forms 
are stained red. 
The nine known Species of Favus.j — Drs. Neehe and Nuna define 
the genus Achorion to be colourless hypliomycetes consisting of septate 
liyphae which produce colourless fruit without the aid of fruit-hyphaB. 
On their natural medium, cuticle, hair, nail, the fruit-hyphae are trans- 
formed into spore-chains from which develope roundish or angular 
unicellular spores. On artificial media unicellular spores are developed 
under similar circumstances, and also aerial spores, after the formation 
* Der Braumeister, 1892, p. 278. See Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., 
xiii. (1893) pp. 485-7. 
t Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. u. Parasitenk., xiii. (1893) pp. 1-13. 
