Vlll 
AVhatever may be the case in Queensland, however, there is no room 
for doubt that in New South Wales the older sandstones of the Triassic Coal 
Measures form the beds from which the artesian water is obtained, for in two 
bores at Wallon and Bulyeroi, in this State, solid cores were extracted by 
means of the Calyx drill, and in these cores the limits of the Lower Cretaceous 
and Triassic rocks were defined by fossils, characteristic of the two formations 
respectively. No water was obtained in the Cretaceous rocks, and the Triassic 
Coal Measures were penetrated for a considerable depth before the first flow of 
artesian water was met with.’^ 
Lower Cretaceous rocks have not yet been positively identifled out- 
cropping at the surface anywhere in the State of New South Wales, but it is 
certain that they occur under very large areas in which they have been 
covered by superficial deposits of Post-Tertiary age ; for in the Wallon bore, 
in the Moree District, a thickness of 1,500 feet of these rocks was penetrated, 
and characteristic Lower Cretaceous fossils have' also been obtained in shallow 
wells near Mount Poole, at a distance of at least 450 miles from the last- 
mentioned locality. 
The Upper Cretaceous rocks, which are generally horizontally bedded 
or only slightly inclined, lie uncon formably upon the Rolling Downs Pormation 
or upon older (Palteozoic) rocks. They consist of coarse sandstones, fine- 
grained white siliceous rocks passing into kaolin, and conglomerates. 
They were first geologically examined in the neighbourhood of White 
Cliffs by Mr. J. B. Jaquet, Geological Surveyor, in 1892, and he found that 
they rested there on contorted Silurian slates. 
The following section shows the sequence of the beds in that locality : — 
The sandstones and grits are of marine origin, and form the lowest beds of 
the scries. There are two typical varieties of Desert Sandstone. One of these 
is a soft grayish- white, and occasionally yellowish or reddish freestone, which 
' E. P. Pittman, “ The Mineral Resources of N. S. Wales,” 1901, p. 462. 
