80 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
Excretory Cells of Asearids.* * * § — Prof. J. W. Spengel answers tlie 
criticisms of Shipley and Nassonow on a previous note dealing with 
this subject. 
Platyhelminthes. 
Nemertea.f — L. Joubin has written the section on Nemerteans in 
Blanchard’s ‘ Traite de Zoologie’, discussing external characters, distribu- 
tion, structure, development, classification, and affinities. Like Burger, 
who reviews the book,:J he places the Nemertea among the Platyhel- 
minthes, in closest relationship to the Turbellarians. 
New Tap e worm. § — O. Fuhrmann has found in a species of Anas, 
a tapeworm of the genus Cittotsenia, which he describes as C. avicola. 
The interest of this discovery is that not only has this genus not been 
hitherto found in birds, but it has been supposed to be confined to 
Rodents. This may be compared with the fact that the genus Davainea , 
formerly supposed to be confined to birds, has been recently found in 
man, in different species of Lepus , and in other Mammals. The structure 
of the new species is described in detail. 
Taenia confusa.|| — Prof. H. B. Ward has a note on the head of this 
new tapeworm, which presents a remarkable resemblance to that of 
Dipylidium , so remarkable indeed that some confusion is suspected. 
Bothriocephalus Zschokkei.lF — Dr. M. Liihe makes a detailed com- 
parison of this Cestode (described by Fuhrmann from Ardea stellaris ) 
and Schistocephalus dimorphus Creplin (from Ardea cinerea , with stickle- 
back as intermediate host). The result shows that the distinctiveness 
of Fuhrmann’s species has not been substantiated. 
Epithelium of Cestodes.** — Dr. F. Blochmann replies to a note by 
Bott on the absence of a true epithelium on the bladder-wall of a 
Cysticercus. He points out that it is not inconsistent with epithelial 
nature for the cells to form a branched network, as in the case men- 
tioned. The same modification of epithelium may be seen in the 
embryonic fin-spines of Spinax niger or on the horny teeth of the hag. 
Moreover, staining reactions clearly differentiate the epithelial from the 
subjacent parenchyma-cells. 
Russian Turbellaria.tf — Herr W. Zykoff completes his previous list 
of the Rhabdoccela of Moscow by the addition of six species. The 
paper includes some notes on their external characters. 
Swiss Turbellaria4J — Dr. G. du Plessis has an interesting faunistic 
study on the Turbellaria of the Cantons of Vaud and Geneva. After 
each species he gives a careful account of the localities in which it 
occurs, and the best methods of capture. 
* Zool. Anzeig., xx. (1897) pp. 427-30. 
t ‘Traite de Zoologie’ (Raphael Blanchard), fasc. xi., Paris, lS97,;8vo, 59 pp., 
53 figs. X Zool. Centralbl., iv. (1897) pp. 829-30. 
§ Rev. Suisse Zool., v. (1897) pp. 107-17 (1 pi.). 
II Zool. Anzeig,, xx. (1897) pp. 321-2. t Tom. cit., pp. 430-4. 
** Tom. cit., pp. 460-3 (1 pi.). 
ft Tom. cit., pp. 450-2. Cf. this Journal, 1895, p. 190. 
XX Lev, Suisse Zool., v. (1897) pp. 119-40. 
