ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
531 
Reno-pericardial Canals in Patella.* — Mr. E. S. Goodrich shows that 
in Patella vulgata and P. coerulea there are two rcno-pericardial canals, 
opening by means of projecting ciliated funnels from the pericardium 
into the right and left kidneys respectively. 
Indo-Malayan Nudibranchs.-j- — Prof. H. Simroth discusses the genera 
Parmacochlea , Parmarion , and the Microparmarion group (with Micro - 
parmarion and Collingea g. n.). He also refers to Girasia and Parmella. 
Their essential interest, he says, is that they disclose structural diver- 
gences of considerable morphological importance; and his task has 
been to set the series in better order. 
Structure and Classification of Janellidse.f — Prof. L. H. Plate gives 
an account of Janella schauinslandi sp. n. and Aneitella berghi sp. n., and 
a general discussion of the family. The Janellidae are Nudibrancbs 
from New Zealand, Australia, and Polynesia. There are two ommato- 
phores, and two small oral lobes. The head-shield is triangula.r, pointed 
behind ; the genital opening is just behind the right tentacle. The 
small mantle-cavity communicates with the diverticula of the peculiar 
Buschellunge. A very large blood-sinus on the back communicates 
directly with the atrium, and encloses the lung, the kidney, the shell- 
vesicles, and a sensory vesicle which is regarded as a modified osphra- 
dium. The shell is rudimentary, in the form of calcareous particles 
enclosed in numerous isolated vesicles. There are very numerous trans- 
verse rows on the radula, with over 200 lateral teeth on each side of the 
rachis tooth. The central nervous system has closely apposed partly 
fused visceral ganglia. The hermaphrodite reproductive organs are 
usually without a seminal vesicle ; the sperm-oviduct may be absent or 
well developed; there is always an albumen-gland and a sessile or 
shortly-stalked receptaculum seminis. Diagnoses are given of the four 
genera : — Janella , Aneitella , Aneitea , and Triboniophorus — and of the 
known species. Their possible relationships are also discussed, but 
there seems little certainty. 
Development of Limax maximus.§ — Dr. J. Meisenheimer com- 
pletes his account of this, describing the later stages. The head vesicle 
appears very early, directly after the gastrula stage ; it has a wall of 
ectoderm and scattered internal mesoderm ; unlike the actively pulsat- 
ing podocyst, which appears a little later, it is quite passive. The 
primitive kidney is wholly ectodermic, and is absorbed towards the end 
of the larval period. The pulmonary cavity arises as an invagination 
of ectoderm, with which a secondary inrolling is associated, forming the 
true mantle-cavity. A vesicle constricted off from the ectoderm forms 
the shell-gland. Henchman’s results in regard to the nervous system 
are entirely confirmed. The tentacles arise from the apical plates ; the 
integumentary sense-organs described by the Sarasins in other forms 
occur ; the otolithic vesicle is formed by an ectodermic proliferation ; 
the eye is an ectodermic invagination, and lies at first at the base of the 
tentacle. The endoderm-sac is the beginning of the gut, and to this 
* Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., xli. (1898) pp. 323-8 (1 pi.). 
t Zool. Jahrb., xi. (1898) pp. 151-72 (1 pi.). 
X Tom. cit., pp. 193-280 (6 pis. and 3 figs.). 
§ Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., lxiii. (1898) pp. 573-664 (9 pis. and 20 figs.). 
1898 2 o 
