658 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
of the mycelial filaments, put out on the side removed from the sub- 
stratum each a minute vesicular papilla, into which passes a small 
quantity of finely granular protoplasm. The nucleus of the cylindrical 
cell begins to divide, and one of the two daughter-nuclei enters the 
papilla, which becomes separated from the mother-cell. The papilla 
now elongates; the nucleus in each again divides, a transverse septum 
is formed in each of the two, producing a filament of four cells, the growth 
being basal and not apical. By repetition of these processes are formed 
the rows of cells which ultimately become chains of conids. 
Parasites of Economic Plants in India.* * * § — Dr. D. D. Cunningham 
records the following: — Ustilaginoidea Oryzse on rice; Phytophthora 
infestans, Fusisporium Solani, a Pythium, and a Sclerotinia on the potato; 
a sclerote on the leaves of Ficus stipitata ; also one on the tea ; Perono- 
spora arborescens on Pcipaver somniferum ; as well as several others that 
are not specifically identified. The leaves of the tea have been found 
infested by an endophytic alga, Cephaleuros virescens. 
Parasites of the Sugar-Cane.! — Herren H. J. Wakker and F. A. 
F. C. Went enumerate the following parasites of the sugar-cane in 
Java, producing diseases of which the Dutch names are given: — (1) On 
the stem ; Ustilago Sacchari, Colletotrichum falcatum, Thiebaviopsis 
ethaceticus, Marasmius Sacchari, Bacillus vascularum ; (2) on the leaf- 
sheaths; Cercospora vaginse ; (3) on the leaves; Gercospora Kophei, 
TJredo Kuhnii , Leptosphseria Sacchari , Fricsphseria Sacchari , Pestalozzia 
fuscescens ; (4) on the root; Cladosporium javanicum, Allantospora 
radicicola. A number of saprophytic species are also described. 
Development of Anthracnoses.J: — Bertha Stoneman contributes some 
information to the life-history of the group of parasitic fungi known by 
the somewhat vague name of anthracnoses. Though naturally parasitic, 
they are easily cultivated as saprophytes. The development of the 
conidial forms, belonging mostly to the genera Glceosponum, Colletotri- 
chum, wad Volutella, was followed both on the host-plant and in cultures, 
and several new species are described. The formation of so-called 
secondary spores or buds is not a constant character of these genera, 
but may be absent during the entire cycle of development. In four 
species the connection was established with perfect or perithecial forms. 
These are made by the author to constitute a new genus Gnomoniopsis , 
nearly allied to Gnomoniella, but differing in the conids being curved 
instead of ovate. 
Exobasidium Vitis.§ — M. A. Potebnia regards this fungus as nearly 
related to Dematium pullulans rather than as a Basidiomycete. He 
notes the phenomenon, under cultivation, that, at a certain stage of 
development, masses of protoplasm escape, usually from the apex of a 
filament, which form either irregularly shaped or more regular spherical 
or kidney-shaped bodies. 
* Sci. Mem. Medical Officers of the Army in India, 1897, 36 pp. and 6 pis. 
See Bot. Centralbl., lxxv. (1898) p. 147. 
t ‘ De Ziekten v. h. Sinkerriet op Java,’ Deel i., 25 pis., Leiden, 1898. See Bot. 
Centralbl., lxxv. (1898) p. 150. J Bot. Gazette, xxvi. (1898) pp. 69-120 (12 pis.). 
§ Arb. Naturf.-Gesell. Charkow, xxxi. (1897) pp. 28-35 (1 pi.). See Bot. Cen- 
tralbl., lxxv. (1898) p. 122. 
