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PART III -COMPARISON WITH OTHER COUNTRIES. 
After having described the geological and pahcontological relations of the 
Coal and Plant-hearing Series, it will he of interest to compare the various 
strata of Australia with similar ones in other countries, viz., in New Zealand, 
India, South Africa, and Afghanistan. 
I— NEW ZEALAND. 
It is not necessary to quote the entire literature ; the following are 
sufficient for our purposes ; — 
Hector (James, M.D., &c.) On the Geological Formations of New Zealand, compared with 
those Of Australia. — Jour, and Froc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales, Vol. XIII, 1879 , pp. 65 - 80 . 
Hutton (Capt. F. W.) Sketch of the Geology of New Zealand. Quart. Joum. Qeoi. Soc., Xo. 162 , 
pp., 191 - 220 , 1885 . 
Ettingsliausen (Baron C. von). Beitr’age zur Kenntniss der Fossilen Flora Neu Seelands. 
DenJcschr. der K. Acad, der Wissenschaften zu Wien. LIII Bd., 1887 , 52 pp., 9 Pis. 
This latter work, however, contains only the descriptions of the fossils 
from Tertiary and Cretaceous rocks. 
The most important beds described by Messrs. Hector and Hutton are 
the Kaihiku beds (Hector), or Kaihiku Series (Hutton). 
At the base of these are deposited beds with Glossopteris, and it 
appears that these Kaihiku Series would have to represent the Newcastle 
beds or Upper Coal Measures of New South Wales ; and Hr. Hector 
correlated both these strata, assigning to them a Lower Permian age (Table 
on p. GS). 
To say Permian -in general would be, I think, more correct, because 
the Hawkesbury beds, which Hr. Hector correlates with his beds, comprised 
under Upper Permian (Table, p. GS), are, as we have shown, more naturally 
placed with the Trias. (Further on in the text the correlation is somewhat 
different.) 
Hr. Hector writes ( loc . cit., p. 78) : — “The presence of this ( Glossop- 
teris ) and other fossil ferns associates this formation with the horizon of the 
