74 
The spines clothing the adamhnlacral plates are subulate and short, 
measuring about three millimetres in length, and are ranged in three sub- 
alternating rows, the inner row, in each case, bordering the edge of the 
ambidacral avenues, but the rows of spines increase in number in the angles 
between the rays. In the present condition of the fossil, the sj)ines are 
represented only by impressions. I believe they were delicately striate, but 
this is open to confirmation. The rays were as much as three inches long, 
and at the base three quarters of an inch wide. 
Localltij and Horizon . — Eavensfield Quarry, near Parley, Co. North- 
umberland (1/)’. T. Broivne) : — Lower Marine Series. 
Pal.idaster (Monaster) giganteus, sp. nor. 
PI. XII. 
Char . — Body large, extended, abactinial surface unknown. ’ Rays 
long, from three to three and a-half inches, narrow in j^i’oportion to their 
length, barely three quarters of an inch in transverse measurement, widely 
separated at their bases, with a diverging angle varying from 75° to 90°, 
decreasing in Avidth tow ards their apices but slow ly, comparatively straight 
sided ; avenues narrow and deep. Marginal plates in the angles of the rays 
very large, transversely elongated, arched, and with more or less flattened 
surfaces, and rapidly decreasing in size along the margin of the rays. Adam- 
Imlacral plates comparatively small, transversely elongated, convex, each 
bearing a row of prominent “j)ilmary” tubercles (probably more than three 
in a roAv), supporting strong spines, at least three millimetres in length ; oral 
plates very large, the tAvins in each case forming a somewliat cordate plate. 
Ohs . — I liaA'e separated the present form from the preceding sj)ecies 
for three reasons. In the first place, the general proportions of the Starfish 
are quite different, especially in the size of the disc and length of the rays. 
In the second, the angle of divergence of the rays differs greatly from that of 
VaUeasier Shitchhurii ; in the former it is from G0° to 75°, in the present 
species from 75° to 90°. Thirdly, the form of the oral plates is here very 
different, and if I mistake not so also are the marginal plates. The greater 
angle of divergence of the rays leaves a much larger space betAveen the bases 
of the latter, occupied by the large transA^ersely elongated plates previously 
