184 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
membrane and project into the intestinal cavity. These projecting 
vesicles then become free, either by constriction at their base or by the 
formation of a new membrane at the edge of the cytoplasm. This fall 
of vesicles gorged with the products of secretion into the intestinal 
cavity constitutes the excretion. The cell may then return to a condition 
of repose or commence a new secretion. An epithelial cell can go 
through the work of secretion and excretion several times without 
destruction. The cell is destroyed on the loss of its nucleus. Destroyed 
cells are replaced by fresh cells which are always to be found at the base 
of the secreting cell. The nucleus does not take any active part in the 
phenomenon. 
Odoriferous Glands of Earwigs.* — Dr. J. Vosseler describes in 
Forjicula and CJielidura the odoriferous glands which lie under the two 
pairs of lateral folds on the second and third abdominal segments. Each 
consists of a retort-like vesicle, containing a yellowish or brownish 
emulsion which can be ejected by a muscular action to a distance of 
5-10 cm. and is well known to have an odour like carbolic acid and 
creosote. The emulsion is secreted by large cells which resemble, as 
Leydig suggested, the nematocysts of Coelenterates. The secretion 
occupies the greater part of the cell, the nucleus is displaced to the side, 
a long chitinous tubule corresponds to the cnidocil. When the emulsion 
is ejected, the entire vesicle is compressed by external musculature, and 
the external aperture is opened by the contraction of a special muscle 
which is normally relaxed. The secretion is doubtless offensive, but it 
probably serves also as a useful varnish. 
Stridulating Organ of Cystocoelia immaculata.j- — Mr. R. T. Lewis 
gives a description of the sound-producing apparatus of this grasshopper. 
On each side of the third segment of the abdomen there is a yellow line 
about 5 mm. long which consists of a curved tube closed by a delicate 
operculum ; arching over this tube is a graduated series of eight semi- 
circular teeth. The counterpart is to be found on the inner surface of 
the femur of the hind leg, where there is a bow of fine teeth. 
B. Myriopoda. 
Hungarian Myriopoda4 — Dr. E. Daday de Dees has written a 
monograph on the Myriopoda of Hungary. After a general account of 
the study of Myriopods, their structure, life, distribution, and classifica- 
tion, he proceeds to the diagnosis of genera and species classified as 
Diplopoda, Pauropoda, Chilopoda, and Symphyla. Three new species of 
Julus, four of Pclydesmus, three of Brachydesmus, four of Lithobius are 
described among the rest. 
Marine Myriopoda and Resistance of Air-breathing Arthropods to 
Immersion. § — Prof. F. Plateau calls attention to the two marine 
Myriopods found on the shores of Europe which are submerged at each 
* Arch. f. Mikr. Anat., xxxvi. (1890) pp. 5G5-78 (1 pi.). 
t Journ. Quek. Micr. Club, iv. (1891) pp. 243-5 (1 pi.). 
j ‘Myriopoda Kegni Hungarias’ (in Hungarian), Budapest, 1889, 128 pp. and 
3 pis. § Arch. Sci. Phys. et Nat., xxv. (1891) pp. 132-4. 
