216 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
now describes in tbis respect several species of Papilionacese, tbe visitors 
being chiefly Hymenoptera and Diptera, with, in one case, a humming- 
bird. Several species have extra-floral nectaries. 
Self-fertilized Flowers.* — Mr. T. Meehan records the following 
native or naturalized American plants as self-fertilized : — Trichostema 
dichotomum , Buddlea curviflora , Yitex Agnus-castus, Hypericum mutilum , 
H. canadense, Phytolacca decandra, Lycopersicon esculentum , Lycopus 
rirginicus, Hamamelis virgintca. He states that whenever a plant is 
unusually productive, he finds, as a rule, arrangements for self-fertili- 
zation. 
Pollination of the Mistletoe.f — Dr. C. A. M. Lindman confirms 
the statement of Loew that the mistletoe is pollinized by insects ; besides 
bees, he believes that flies are also attracted by the scent of the flowers, 
which he compares to that of apples, and which is strongest in the male 
flowers. Although the flowers themselves are inconspicuous, the yellow 
colour of the tips of the perianth-leaves, and of the thick intern ode 
beneath the flowers, makes the inflorescence visible for a considerable 
distance. In the male inflorescence, in addition to the normal terminal 
flowers, there are solitary flowers, which are larger than the normal ones, 
in the axils of the small bracts at the base of the inflorescence. 
Pollination of Aristoloehia, Salvia, and Calceolaria.; — Herr C. 
Correns describes in detail the biological anatomy of the flowers of a 
number of species belonging to these three genera. In Aristoloehia 
Clematitis he enters minutely into the structure and origin of the “ wicker- 
hairs” (Eeusenhaare) within the perianth-chambers, and the paid; played 
by them in insuring pollination. Similar hairs occur in other species 
of the genus, but are wanting in A. sipho , where the perianth-tube is 
curved, instead of being straight, as in the other species described. The 
exact mode of pollination in this species must remain undetermined until 
its insect-visitors have been observed in its native country. 
In the different species of Salvia there are two mechanical contri- 
vances for assisting pollination by insects, the lever-apparatus of the 
stamens, and the motility of the upper lip of the corolla. In those 
in which the latter contrivance is found, the stamens are entirely con- 
cealed in the upper lip, and the ordinary are frequently accompanied by 
cleistogamous flowers. In S. pratensis and its allies we have also, in 
addition to the hermaphrodite, smaller female flowers. The lever- 
apparatus in the larger flowers is described in detail. In the opinion 
of the author the viscid glands found on the corolla, stamens, &c., of 
many species, cannot serve, as Delpino thinks, the purpose of more firmly 
fastening the pollen-grains to one another. 
In some species of Calceolaria we find a motile connective and a 
lever-apparatus somewhat resembling that of Salvia. On the outer side 
of the incurved margin of the lower lip of the corolla, are a number of 
hairs with glandular apical cells, and the pedicel-cells filled, in some 
species, with very brightly coloured chlorophyll-grains, but no starch. 
* Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci. Philadelphia. 1890, pp. 270-4. 
t Bot. Centralbl., 1890, pp. 241-4. Cf. this Journal, 1890, p. 745. 
X Jahrb. f. Wiss. Bot. (Pringsheim), xxii. (1890) pp. 161-252 (5 pis. and 2 figs.). 
