ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
231 
and placed in little flasks. It is advisable to prepare more flasks than 
are absolutely needed, in order to have a greater chance of obtaining 
one free from bacteria or mycoderm. When fermentation has been 
fairly started, the flasks are lightly shaken up, and one or two drops 
removed to inoculate flasks tilled with clear and sterilized grape-juice. 
After repeating this several times in grape-juice the cultivations are 
made in water mixed with sugar and suitable salts. In this way the 
less vigorous ferments are eliminated, and finally Saccharomyces ellip- 
soideus only remains. The ferment is then preserved in small or large 
flasks containing grape-juice, or in infusions made from sterilized 
raisins. The flasks are closed by means of stoppered tubes, the ends of 
which are plunged in water. The stoppers are carefully sterilized. 
In order to preserve some ferment after it is quite fermented, it is 
separated by decantation from the alcoholic liquid, and is then intro- 
duced into glass bulbs, which are afterwards closed with a spirit-lamp. 
To ordinary wines devoid of bouquet there may, by this method, be 
imparted quite an agreeable flavour or bouquet. 
Uredineae and their Hosts.* * * § — M. G. Poirault gives a complete list 
of the plants natives of France, Belgium, and Switzerland, with the 
Uredineae known to be parasitic upon them, whether in the uredo-, 
teleutospore-, or aecidio-form, distinguishing also whether the teleuto- 
spores germinate immediately, or only after a period of repose. The 
host-plants are arranged under their natural orders. 
Himalayan Uredinese.f — Completing his Descriptive List of the 
Uredineae of the neighbourhood of Simla, Dr. A. Barclay describes the 
following new species : — Uromyces Vossise on Vossia speciosa, U. Strobi - 
lanthis on Strobilanthes Dalhousianus, U. Mclntiriauus on Hemigraphis 
latebrosa , Phragmidium quinqueloculare on Bubus biflorus, P. inco'mpletum 
on B. paniculatus, Melampsora Sancti-Johannis on Hypericum cernuum , 
M. Leptodermis on Leptodermis lanceolata , Coleosporium Plectranthi on 
Plectranihus Gerardianus , C. Glematidis on Clematis montana , Chrysomyxa 
Picese on Picea Morinda , Cseoma Mori on Morus alba , and also a number 
of new isolated uredo- and secidio-forms. 
Herr P. Dietel J describes a new genus of Himalayan Uredineae, 
Barclayella , with the following diagnosis : — Teleutosporae series pluri- 
v, multicellulares formantes, promyceliis germinantes divisione trans- 
versali in sporidia quatuor disrumpentibus. Uredosporae et aecidiosporae 
ignotae. The typical species B. deformans grows on the leaves of the 
young shoots of Picea Morinda (Abies Smithiana ). The genus differs 
from the nearly allied Chrysomyxa and Coleosporium in the mode of 
formation of the sporids. 
Uredo Vialse.§ — Prof. G. von Lagerheim describes in detail this new 
parasite of the vine in Jamaica. It attacks the under side of the leaves, 
but the spots attacked retain their green colour longer than the healthy 
parts. The uredospores are ovoid or pyriform, 20-27 p. long by 15-18 /z 
* Journ. de Bot. (Morot), iv. (1890) pp. 229-31, 245-51, 307-15, 342-8. 
t Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, lix. (1890) pp. 75-112 (4 pis.). Cf. this Journal, 
1890, p. 648. % Hedwigia, xxix. (1890) pp. 259-70 (1 pi.). 
§ Rev. Gen de Bot. (Bonnierl, ii. (1890) pp. 385-90 (1 pi. ). Cf. this Journal, 
1890, p.495. 
