8 
BULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
region, the relief of the country is so low and our maps so 
poor (only the lowermost course of the stream has been 
surveyed) that our conclusions must for the present be 
principally speculative. But the upper part, from the Lakes 
to the Fork Stream, seems to line up fairly well with the 
Coal Branch of Richibucto in one direction, and with the 
principal part of Coal Creek in the other. Hence I think 
these waters lie in remnants or persistences of an ancient 
valley, one of the distinctive Northumbrian series, which 
headed beyond Grand Lake, and emptied into the sea through 
Upper Coal Branch and perhaps the Chickpish; and this 
valley should be added to those of the Northumbrian system. 
(Note No. 93). The lower course of the stream lines up with 
Upper Salmon River as mentioned in Note 126, page 437, 
while the cross part between has of course the same origin 
as the corresponding part of Salmon River to the eastward. 
(Note No. 126, page 438.) 
130. — On the Physiographic Characteristics of Coal 
Creek, Queens County. 
Coal Creek, which empties into the extreme head of 
Grand Lake in Queens County, is a far more interesting 
and attractive stream than its imperfect representation upon 
our maps, or its name, would imply. This fact I discovered 
during a canoe trip down almost its entire length last July.* 
Its geography is represented, more fully than heretofore, upon 
the large map accompanying the next Note. This map is 
based upon the plans in the Crown Land office, extended by 
information from various sources. 
Coal Creek rises south of the new railroad at a height of 
over 300 feet above sea level, at a place on the eastern 
sandstone plain shown approximately on the map. It first 
runs to the northward, then swings around to the west, and 
then south, where it crosses the railroad in the bottom of 
*1 was accompanied on this trip, as mentioned in the Note on Lake Stream, by my 
friend Mr. Leonard Smith, of Grangeville, Kent County. 
